Lobmaier Janek S, Klatt Wilhelm K, Schweinberger Stefan R
Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Sigma-Zentrum für Akutmedizin, Fachkrankenhaus für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie, Psychosomatische Medizin, Bad Säckingen, Germany.
Front Psychol. 2024 Dec 13;15:1401158. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1401158. eCollection 2024.
Research has shown that women's vocal characteristics change during the menstrual cycle. Further, evidence suggests that individuals alter their voices depending on the context, such as when speaking to a highly attractive person, or a person with a different social status. The present study aimed at investigating the degree to which women's voices change depending on the vocal characteristics of the interaction partner, and how any such changes are modulated by the woman's current menstrual cycle phase.
Forty-two naturally cycling women were recorded once during the late follicular phase (high fertility) and once during the luteal phase (low fertility) while reproducing utterances of men and women who were previously assessed to have either attractive or unattractive voices.
Phonetic analyses revealed that women's voices in response to speakers changed depending on their menstrual cycle phase (F0 variation, maximum F0, Centre of gravity) and depending on the stimulus speaker's vocal attractiveness (HNR, Formants 1-3, Centre of gravity), and sex (Formant 2). Also, the vocal characteristics differed when reproducing spoken sentences of the stimulus speakers compared to when they read out written sentences (minimum F0, Formants 2-4).
These results provide further evidence that women alter their voice depending on the vocal characteristics of the interaction partner and that these changes are modulated by the menstrual cycle phase. Specifically, the present findings suggest that cyclic shifts on women's voices may occur only in social contexts (i.e., when a putative interaction partner is involved).
研究表明，女性的嗓音特征在月经周期中会发生变化。此外，有证据表明，个体在不同情境下会改变自己的嗓音，比如与极具吸引力的人或社会地位不同的人交谈时。本研究旨在调查女性嗓音根据互动对象的嗓音特征而变化的程度，以及这些变化如何受到女性当前月经周期阶段的调节。
42名自然周期的女性在卵泡期晚期（高生育力）和黄体期（低生育力）各被记录一次，她们需模仿之前被评定为嗓音有吸引力或无吸引力的男性和女性的话语。
语音分析显示，女性对说话者做出反应时的嗓音会因月经周期阶段（基频变化、最大基频、重心）、刺激说话者的嗓音吸引力（谐噪比、共振峰1 - 3、重心）以及性别（共振峰2）而改变。此外，与读出书面句子时相比，女性在模仿刺激说话者的口语句子时，嗓音特征也有所不同（最小基频、共振峰2 - 4）。
这些结果进一步证明，女性会根据互动对象的嗓音特征改变自己的嗓音，且这些变化受到月经周期阶段的调节。具体而言，目前的研究结果表明，女性嗓音的周期性变化可能仅发生在社交情境中（即涉及假定的互动对象时）。
