Alenazi Kamel A, Alanezi Ahmad A
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, SAU.
Department of Pediatrics, King Saud University Medical City, Riyadh, SAU.
Cureus. 2024 Nov 27;16(11):e74549. doi: 10.7759/cureus.74549. eCollection 2024 Nov.
Introduction In Saudi Arabia, the epidemiological estimates of childhood epilepsy are lacking. However, only a handful of studies have been performed to explore the epidemiology of childhood epilepsy. The objective of this study was to identify the burden of childhood idiopathic epilepsy in Saudi Arabia from 1990 to 2019 using Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study data. Methods Data on the burden of childhood idiopathic epilepsy (children aged 0-14 years) in Saudi Arabia from the GBD 2019 study was reviewed and presented. The outcome measures of the study were incidence, prevalence, deaths, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of childhood idiopathic epilepsy. Results In Saudi Arabia, the incident counts, prevalence, deaths, YLLs, YLDs, and DALYs were 5,365, 26,275, 58, 4,808, 9,466, and 14,273, respectively in 1990. The incidence [25.32% (95% uncertainty interval (UI): -64.00 to 379.03)], prevalence [35.40% (95% UI: -61.37 to 419.98)], and YLDs [7.99% (95% UI: -74.80 to 371.75)] rate (per 100,000 population) increased between 1990 and 2019. On the other hand, the death [-69.21% (95% UI: -82.54 to -34.86)], YLLs [-69.97% (95% UI: -83.13 to -35.81)], and DALYs [-18.27% (95% UI: -73.15 to 119.87)] rate (per 100,000 population) dropped between the same duration. Conclusion In the last three decades, the incidence and prevalence of childhood idiopathic epilepsy have modestly increased in Saudi Arabia, but the number of deaths has fallen substantially. Further research studies are needed from Saudi Arabia to understand the regional, gender-based, and socioeconomic differences of childhood idiopathic epilepsy and its impact on the psycho-cognitive development and quality of life of children.
引言
在沙特阿拉伯，缺乏关于儿童癫痫的流行病学估计。然而，仅有少数研究探讨了儿童癫痫的流行病学。本研究的目的是利用全球疾病负担（GBD）2019研究数据，确定1990年至2019年沙特阿拉伯儿童特发性癫痫的负担。
方法
回顾并呈现了GBD 2019研究中关于沙特阿拉伯儿童特发性癫痫（0至14岁儿童）负担的数据。该研究的结果指标为儿童特发性癫痫的发病率、患病率、死亡人数、生命损失年数（YLLs）、带病生存年数（YLDs）和伤残调整生命年（DALYs）。
结果
1990年，沙特阿拉伯的发病数、患病率、死亡人数、YLLs、YLDs和DALYs分别为5365、26275、58、4808、9466和14273。1990年至2019年期间，发病率[25.32%（95%不确定区间（UI）：-64.00至379.03）]、患病率[35.40%（95% UI：-61.37至419.98）]和YLDs[7.99%（95% UI：-74.80至371.75）]率（每10万人口）有所上升。另一方面，同一时期内死亡率[-69.21%（95% UI：-82.54至-34.86）]、YLLs[-69.97%（95% UI：-83.13至-35.81）]和DALYs[-18.27%（95% UI：-73.15至119.87）]率（每10万人口）有所下降。
结论
在过去三十年中，沙特阿拉伯儿童特发性癫痫的发病率和患病率略有上升，但死亡人数大幅下降。沙特阿拉伯需要进一步开展研究，以了解儿童特发性癫痫的地区、性别和社会经济差异及其对儿童心理认知发展和生活质量的影响。
