Yang Ling-Zhi, Guo Yi, Wang Zhi-Qiang, Zhang Chen-Qi
The Department of Neurology, Chengdu BOE Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
The Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Front Neurol. 2024 Dec 12;15:1448596. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1448596. eCollection 2024.
To investigate the trends in epilepsy prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in all ages, with risk factors for epilepsy - associated death, from 1990 to 2021.
Using the standardized Global Burden of Disease (GBD) methodologies, we evaluated the burden of epilepsy in 204 countries and regions from 1990 to 2021, aiming to derive a more precise representation of the health burden posed by epilepsy by considering four distinct types of epidemiological data, namely the prevalence, incidence, mortality, and DALYs. The presented data were meticulously estimated and displayed both as numerical counts and as age-standardized rates per 100,000 persons of the population. All estimates were calculated with 95% uncertainty intervals (UI).
In 2021, there were 24,220,856 (95% UI: 18,476,943-30,677,995) patients with epilepsy, with an age-standardized prevalence rate (ASPR) of 307.38 per 100,000 persons (95% UI: 234.71-389.02) and an age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of 42.821 per 100,000 persons (95% UI: 31.24-53.72).The global age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of epilepsy was 1.74 per 100,000 population (95% UI: 1.46-1.92); The age-standardized DALYs rate (ASDR) were 177.85 per 100,000 population (95% UI: 137.66-225.90); 154.25 per 100,000 population for females [114.73-201.76], and 201.29 per 100,000 population for males [157.93-252.74]. All of the ASPR, ASIR, ASMR and ASDR of males were higher than those of females, and the ASIR of epilepsy was the highest in children aged 0-14, at 61.00(95% UI: 39.09-86.21), while the older adult group aged 70+ has the highest ASMR of 5.67(95% UI: 4.76-6.18). From 1990 to 2021, the number of epilepsy-related deaths and DALYs both decreased. However, the ASPR of epilepsy increased by about 6.9% (95% UI: -0.10-0.26), and the ASIR increased by almost 12% (95% UI: 0.05-0.33). The trends in ASPR, ASIR, ASMR and ASDR exhibited notable variations across different regions.
Epilepsy is an increasing global health challenge with rising prevalence and incidence. Results of this cross-sectional study suggest that despite the global decline in deaths and DALYs, Epilepsy remains an important cause of disability and death, especially in low SDI regions. An improved understanding of the epidemiology of epilepsy may potentially have considerable benefits in reducing the global burden of epilepsy, by aiding in policy-making in low-income countries, provide data support for research on epilepsy medications and treatment methods.
调查1990年至2021年各年龄段癫痫的患病率、发病率、死亡率和伤残调整生命年（DALYs）趋势，以及癫痫相关死亡的危险因素。
使用标准化的全球疾病负担（GBD）方法，我们评估了1990年至2021年204个国家和地区的癫痫负担，旨在通过考虑四种不同类型的流行病学数据，即患病率、发病率、死亡率和DALYs，更精确地反映癫痫造成的健康负担。所呈现的数据经过精心估算，并以数值计数和每10万人的年龄标准化率两种形式展示。所有估算均计算了95%的不确定性区间（UI）。
2021年，癫痫患者有24,220,856例（95% UI：18,476,943 - 30,677,995），年龄标准化患病率（ASPR）为每10万人307.38例（95% UI：234.71 - 389.02），年龄标准化发病率（ASIR）为每10万人42.821例（95% UI：31.24 - 53.72）。癫痫的全球年龄标准化死亡率（ASMR）为每10万人口1.74例（95% UI：1.46 - 1.92）；年龄标准化DALYs率（ASDR）为每10万人口177.85例（95% UI：137.66 - 225.90）；女性为每10万人口154.25例[114.73 - 201.76]，男性为每10万人口201.29例[157.93 - 252.74]。男性的所有ASPR、ASIR、ASMR和ASDR均高于女性，癫痫的ASIR在0 - 14岁儿童中最高，为61.00（95% UI：39.09 - 86.21），而70岁及以上的老年人群ASMR最高，为5.67（95% UI：4.76 - 6.18）。1990年至2021年，癫痫相关死亡人数和DALYs均有所下降。然而，癫痫的ASPR增加了约6.9%（95% UI： - 0.10 - 0.26），ASIR增加了近12%（95% UI：0.05 - 0.33）。ASPR、ASIR、ASMR和ASDR的趋势在不同地区呈现出显著差异。
癫痫是一个日益严峻的全球健康挑战，患病率和发病率不断上升。这项横断面研究的结果表明，尽管全球死亡人数和DALYs有所下降，但癫痫仍然是残疾和死亡的重要原因，尤其是在低社会人口指数地区。更好地了解癫痫流行病学可能有助于低收入国家制定政策，为癫痫药物和治疗方法的研究提供数据支持，从而在减轻全球癫痫负担方面可能带来相当大的益处。
