Poloni Joice de Faria, Oliveira Fábio Henrique Schuster de, Feltes Bruno César
Department of Biophysics, Laboratory of DNA Repair and Aging, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Front Genet. 2024 Dec 16;15:1478352. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1478352. eCollection 2024.
To understand the transcriptomic profile of an individual cell in a multicellular organism, we must comprehend its surrounding environment and the cellular space where distinct molecular stimuli responses are located. Contradicting the initial perception that RNAs were nonfunctional and that only a few could act in chromatin remodeling, over the last few decades, research has revealed that they are multifaceted, versatile regulators of most cellular processes. Among the various RNAs, long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) regulate multiple biological processes and can even impact cell fate. In this sense, the subcellular localization of lncRNAs is the primary determinant of their functions. It affects their behavior by limiting their potential molecular partner and which process it can affect. The fine-tuned activity of lncRNAs is also tissue-specific and modulated by their and regulation. Hence, the spatial context of lncRNAs is crucial for understanding the regulatory networks by which they influence and are influenced. Therefore, predicting a lncRNA's correct location is not just a technical challenge but a critical step in understanding the biological meaning of its activity. Hence, examining these peculiarities is crucial to researching and discussing lncRNAs. In this review, we debate the spatial regulation of lncRNAs and their tissue-specific roles and regulatory mechanisms. We also briefly highlight how bioinformatic tools can aid research in the area.
为了了解多细胞生物中单个细胞的转录组概况，我们必须了解其周围环境以及不同分子刺激反应所在的细胞空间。与最初认为RNA无功能且只有少数RNA能参与染色质重塑的观点相反，在过去几十年里，研究表明RNA是大多数细胞过程的多面、多功能调节因子。在各种RNA中，长链非编码RNA（LncRNAs）调节多种生物学过程，甚至可以影响细胞命运。从这个意义上说，LncRNAs的亚细胞定位是其功能的主要决定因素。它通过限制其潜在的分子伴侣以及它能影响的过程来影响其行为。LncRNAs的微调活性也是组织特异性的，并受其[此处原文缺失相关内容]和[此处原文缺失相关内容]调节。因此，LncRNAs的空间背景对于理解它们影响和受影响的调控网络至关重要。因此，预测LncRNA的正确位置不仅是一项技术挑战，也是理解其活性生物学意义的关键一步。因此，研究这些特性对于研究和讨论LncRNAs至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了LncRNAs的空间调控及其组织特异性作用和调控机制。我们还简要强调了生物信息学工具如何有助于该领域的研究。
