Ment L R, Stewart W B, Duncan C C
J Neurosurg. 1985 Apr;62(4):563-9. doi: 10.3171/jns.1985.62.4.0563.
Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) represents a major problem for preterm neonates and is thought to occur secondary to alterations in cerebral blood flow (CBF) to damaged germinal matrix tissues. Many investigators believe that both local CBF and changes in capillary morphology and permeability may be partially controlled by prostaglandins. To evaluate this hypothesis, the authors have studied the effects of superoxide dismutase (SOD), a known free-radical scavenger, on newborn beagle pups that were randomly assigned by computer to four groups consisting of either SOD- or saline-pretreated animals that underwent either insult by hemorrhagic hypotension/volume reexpansion or no insult. Prostaglandin levels were determined prior to and 60 minutes following the administration of the solutions, and carbon-14 iodoantipyrine autoradiography was performed for determination of CBF. It was demonstrated that, although SOD significantly decreased the incidence of IVH in this model (p less than 0.05), it caused no alterations in baseline CBF or prostaglandin levels. In addition, SOD did not prevent either the systemic blood pressure changes or the alterations in CBF found in response to a hemorrhagic hypotensive insult. The authors propose that neonatal IVH results from a combination of factors, one of which is prostaglandin-mediated alterations in CBF to a damaged capillary matrix.
脑室内出血（IVH）是早产新生儿面临的一个主要问题，被认为是由于流向受损生发基质组织的脑血流量（CBF）改变继发所致。许多研究者认为，局部脑血流量以及毛细血管形态和通透性的变化可能部分受前列腺素控制。为评估这一假说，作者研究了超氧化物歧化酶（SOD，一种已知的自由基清除剂）对新生比格犬幼崽的影响，这些幼崽通过计算机随机分为四组，分别是接受超氧化物歧化酶预处理或生理盐水预处理的动物，且这些动物要么经历出血性低血压/容量再扩张损伤，要么未经历损伤。在给予溶液之前和之后60分钟测定前列腺素水平，并进行碳-14碘安替比林放射自显影以测定脑血流量。结果表明，尽管在该模型中超氧化物歧化酶显著降低了脑室内出血的发生率（p<0.05），但它并未改变基线脑血流量或前列腺素水平。此外，超氧化物歧化酶既不能预防全身血压变化，也不能预防因出血性低血压损伤而出现的脑血流量改变。作者提出，新生儿脑室内出血是多种因素共同作用的结果，其中一个因素是前列腺素介导的脑血流量对受损毛细血管基质的改变。
