da Silva Junior Rogério Ventura, Rabello Carlos Bôa-Viagem, Ludke Maria do Carmo Mohaupt Marques, Lopes Cláudia da Costa, de Medeiros Ventura Waleska Rocha Leite, Soares Elayne de Souza Rocha, Guedes Paiva Patricia Maria, Napoleão Thiago Henrique, Ribeiro Apolonio Gomes, Nascimento Júlio Cézar Dos Santos, Souza Lilian Francisco Arantes de, Oliveira Helia Sharlane de Holanda
Animal Science Department, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Unidade Acadêmica Especializada em Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Distrito de Jundiaí-Macaiba, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2024 Dec 31;19(12):e0314905. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314905. eCollection 2024.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of commercial laying hens fed with different levels of Moringa oleifera leaf meal in their diet. For this purpose, 150 laying hens of the Dekalb White lineage, at 62 weeks of age, and with an initial average weight of 1.458 kg ± 8.70g, were used. They were housed in cages measuring 1.00 X 0.40 X 0.45m, equipped with chute-type feeders, automatic cup-type drinkers and chute for collecting eggs. They were distributed in a completely randomized design, consisting of five treatments with five replications of six birds. The treatments consisted of a reference diet, without moringa inclusion, and four test diets with levels of 1.5%, 3.0%, 4.5% and 6% inclusion of moringa leaf meal. Water was provided ad libitum, and 120 g of feed per bird per day. The total experimental period lasted 122 days. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and Dunnett's test at 5% significance and, when significant, subjected to regression analysis. Analysis of the leaf flour revealed the presence of antinutritional factors in small concentrations. It was observed that the addition of moringa to the birds' diet did not influence performance parameters and provided significant increases in the average egg weight according to moringa inclusion levels of 1.5%, 4.5% and 6% when compared to the control diet, as well as a significant increase in the color of the egg yolks for all levels tested (1.5 to 6%). A reduction in Haugh unit values was observed when inclusion levels of moringa were 4.5% and 6%. Despite a reduction in Haugh unit values, they are still within the classification standards. Analysis of the biochemical parameters of the birds' blood serum did not show significant influences according to the levels of moringa inclusion in the diet, although a numerical reduction was observed in the cholesterol levels of birds fed with an inclusion of 6% of leaf flour in the diet, which could possibly be related to the presence of phytochemical compounds, more precisely β-sitosterol. Moringa oleifera leaf meal can be used to feed laying birds without causing harm to the birds' performance, in addition to intensifying the color of the yolks.
本研究的目的是评估在日粮中添加不同水平辣木叶粉的商品蛋鸡的生产性能。为此，选用了150只62周龄的迪卡白品系蛋鸡，初始平均体重为1.458千克±8.70克。它们被饲养在尺寸为1.00×0.40×0.45米的笼子里，配备有滑槽式喂料器、自动杯式饮水器和集蛋滑槽。它们按照完全随机设计进行分配，包括五个处理组，每组六只鸡，重复五次。处理组包括一种不添加辣木的对照日粮，以及四种添加水平分别为1.5%、3.0%、4.5%和6%辣木叶粉的试验日粮。自由提供饮水，每只鸡每天提供120克饲料。整个试验期持续122天。所获得的数据进行方差分析和5%显著水平的Dunnett检验，若有显著性差异，则进行回归分析。对叶粉的分析表明存在低浓度的抗营养因子。观察到在蛋鸡日粮中添加辣木不影响生产性能参数，与对照日粮相比，当辣木添加水平为1.5%、4.5%和6%时，平均蛋重显著增加，并且在所有测试水平（1.5%至6%）下蛋黄颜色显著加深。当辣木添加水平为4.5%和6%时，哈夫单位值降低。尽管哈夫单位值降低，但仍在分级标准范围内。对蛋鸡血清生化参数的分析表明，日粮中辣木添加水平对其没有显著影响，不过在日粮中添加6%叶粉的蛋鸡胆固醇水平出现了数值下降，这可能与植物化学化合物，更确切地说是β-谷甾醇的存在有关。辣木叶粉可用于饲喂蛋鸡，除了加深蛋黄颜色外，对蛋鸡的生产性能没有危害。
