Han Xing, Li Weiwei, Yang Bolinyishi, Jiang Chao, Qu Zan, Xu Haomiao, Liu Yan, Cui Yong
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
Adv Mater. 2024 Dec 30:e2415574. doi: 10.1002/adma.202415574.
Asymmetric catalysis is essential for addressing the increasing demand for enantiopure compounds. Recent advances in reticular chemistry have demonstrated that metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs) possess highly regular porous architectures, exceptional tunability, and the ability to incorporate chiral functionalities through their open channels or cavities. These characteristics make them highly effective and enantioselective catalysts for a wide range of asymmetric transformations. The chiral microenvironments within these frameworks facilitate precise control over reactant orientation and transition states, enhancing both catalytic activity and enantioselectivity, thereby offering significant advantages over traditional systems. This review overviews recent developments in chiral MOFs (CMOFs) and chiral COFs (CCOFs), focusing on their design strategies, and synthetic methods, and highlights the structure-property relationships that connect key structural features to asymmetric catalytic performance. Additionally, the current challenges and future prospects in this field are addressed, highlighting the pivotal role of reticular chemistry in the creation of chiral porous materials. It is anticipated that this review will inspire further research into the application of crystalline porous materials in asymmetric catalysis and promote the rational design of novel chiral heterogeneous catalysts for industrial use.
不对称催化对于满足对映体纯化合物日益增长的需求至关重要。网状化学的最新进展表明，金属有机框架（MOF）和共价有机框架（COF）具有高度规则的多孔结构、出色的可调性，以及通过其开放通道或空腔引入手性功能的能力。这些特性使其成为广泛不对称转化的高效对映选择性催化剂。这些框架内的手性微环境有助于精确控制反应物的取向和过渡态，提高催化活性和对映选择性，从而比传统体系具有显著优势。本综述概述了手性MOF（CMOF）和手性COF（CCOF）的最新进展，重点介绍了它们的设计策略和合成方法，并强调了将关键结构特征与不对称催化性能联系起来的结构-性能关系。此外，还讨论了该领域当前的挑战和未来前景，突出了网状化学在创建手性多孔材料中的关键作用。预计本综述将激发对结晶多孔材料在不对称催化中应用的进一步研究，并促进用于工业用途的新型手性多相催化剂的合理设计。
