Ja'afar Mohd Hasni, Ismail Rosnah, Md Isa Zaleha, Mohd Tamil Azmi, Ismail Noor Hassim, Mat Nasir Nafiza, Nasir Nik Munirah, Ab Razak Nurul Hafiza, Zainol Abidin Najihah, Mente Andrew, Yusof Khairul Hazdi
Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Cheras Kuala Lumpur Malaysia.
Department of Primary Care Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Universiti Teknologi MARA Sungai Buloh Sungai Buloh Selangor Malaysia.
Health Sci Rep. 2024 Dec 30;8(1):e70310. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.70310. eCollection 2025 Jan.
The Malaysian government has implemented various antismoking measures to reduce the incidence of unhealthy lifestyles within the population. This study analyzes the baseline data of the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study to establish the prevalence of sociodemographic factors that are associated with smoking habits among Malaysian adults.
This study was carried out in urban and rural communities with adults aged between 35 and 70 years using purposive sampling. Standardized questionnaires were used to assess the smoking status and sociodemographic data of the participants. Bivariate analysis and multiple logistic regression were done to determine the association between smoking status and demographic characteristics among Malaysian adults.
The prevalence of smoking among adults is 23.2%. The sociodemographic factors significantly associated with active smoking status were being a younger adult (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.06-1.50), being male (AOR = 24.16, 95% CI: 20.58-28.36), being Malay (AOR = 1.72, 95% CI: 1.49-1.98), being a blue-collar worker (AOR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.48-2.06), having no formal education (AOR = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.56-2.53), being unmarried (AOR = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.02-1.48) and being of low socioeconomic status (AOR = 1.45, 95% CI: 1.14-1.84).
Public health policies and actions on smoking reduction should emphasize those identified as high-risk sub-populations, particularly younger adults, males and those who are not yet married, have no formal education and are of low socioeconomic status.
马来西亚政府已实施多项控烟措施，以减少民众中不健康生活方式的发生率。本研究分析了城乡前瞻性流行病学（PURE）研究的基线数据，以确定马来西亚成年人中与吸烟习惯相关的社会人口学因素的患病率。
本研究采用立意抽样法，在年龄在35至70岁之间的城乡社区成年人中开展。使用标准化问卷评估参与者的吸烟状况和社会人口学数据。进行双变量分析和多因素逻辑回归，以确定马来西亚成年人吸烟状况与人口特征之间的关联。
成年人吸烟率为23.2%。与当前吸烟状况显著相关的社会人口学因素包括：年龄较轻的成年人（调整优势比[AOR]=1.26，95%置信区间[CI]：1.06 - 1.50）、男性（AOR = 24.16，95% CI：20.58 - 28.36）、马来人（AOR = 1.72，95% CI：1.49 - 1.98）、蓝领工人（AOR = 1.75，95% CI：1.48 - 2.06）、未接受过正规教育（AOR = 1.99，95% CI：1.56 - 2.53）、未婚（AOR = 1.22，95% CI：1.02 - 1.48）以及社会经济地位较低（AOR = 1.45，95% CI：1.14 - 1.84）。
关于减少吸烟的公共卫生政策和行动应着重关注那些被确定为高危亚人群的群体，特别是年轻成年人、男性以及未婚、未接受过正规教育且社会经济地位较低的人群。
