Wang Jing, Wang Bo, Zhao Qibin, Cao Jinnan, Xiao Xiao, Zhao Di, Chen Zhenya, Wu Di
Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, China Geology Survey, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, China.
Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, China Geology Survey, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100037, China.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2025 Jan 15;290:117607. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117607. Epub 2024 Dec 31.
This study investigates the pollution characteristics, spatial patterns, causes, and ecological risks of heavy metals in the soils of the southeastern Hubei polymetallic mining areas, specifically the Jilongshan (JLS) and Tonglushan (TLS) regions, located in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The main findings are as follows: (1) Among the heavy metals present in the soil, copper (Cu) has the highest average concentration at 278.54 mg/kg, followed by zinc (Zn) at 161.16 mg/kg, chromium (Cr) at 75.23 mg/kg, nickel (Ni) at 30.38 mg/kg, arsenic (As) at 22.53 mg/kg, cadmium (Cd) at 0.76 mg/kg, and mercury (Hg) at 0.14 mg/kg; (2) The distribution of heavy metal concentrations exhibits significant regional variations, with the spatial pattern of pollution indicating that TLS is more affected than JLS, as evidenced by the Pollution Load Index (PLI) values; (3) Three potential sources of heavy metals were identified: natural sources, anthropogenic activities (including industrial production and agricultural practices), and atmospheric deposition (both dry and wet); (4) While severe contamination levels of specific metals such as copper and cadmium are observed in JLS and TLS soils, the overall contamination is mild, suggesting complex contamination dynamics; (5) Cadmium poses a moderate to high ecological risk, being the most sensitive factor in the comprehensive ecological risk assessment with a contribution rate of 65.2 %; (6) The concentrations of heavy metals in the soil present certain health risks, with children being more vulnerable than adults. This study helps to identify the hot spots and pollution patterns of heavy metal pollution in polymetallic mining areas and provides a theoretical basis for the study of local countermeasures against pollution. Based on the research results, management measures and ecological restoration suggestions are proposed, which are important for reducing soil insecurity and coping with climate change.
本研究调查了位于长江中下游的鄂东南多金属矿区（具体为鸡笼山（JLS）和铜绿山（TLS）地区）土壤中重金属的污染特征、空间格局、成因及生态风险。主要研究结果如下：（1）土壤中存在的重金属中，铜（Cu）的平均浓度最高，为278.54mg/kg，其次是锌（Zn），为161.16mg/kg，铬（Cr）为75.23mg/kg，镍（Ni）为30.38mg/kg，砷（As）为22.53mg/kg，镉（Cd）为0.76mg/kg，汞（Hg）为0.14mg/kg；（2）重金属浓度分布呈现出显著的区域差异，污染负荷指数（PLI）值表明污染的空间格局显示TLS比JLS受影响更大；（3）确定了重金属的三个潜在来源：自然源、人为活动（包括工业生产和农业活动）以及大气沉降（干沉降和湿沉降）；（4）虽然在JLS和TLS土壤中观察到铜和镉等特定金属的严重污染水平，但总体污染较轻，表明污染动态复杂；（5）镉构成中度至高生态风险，是综合生态风险评估中最敏感的因素，贡献率为65.2%；（6）土壤中重金属浓度存在一定的健康风险，儿童比成人更易受到影响。本研究有助于识别多金属矿区重金属污染的热点区域和污染模式，并为研究当地污染应对措施提供理论依据。基于研究结果，提出了管理措施和生态修复建议，这对于减少土壤不安全因素和应对气候变化具有重要意义。
