Fontainhas Mariana, Gavina Cristina, Miranda Joana, Pereira-Silva Raquel, Guichard João, Seixas Daniela, Araújo Francisco
Tonic App, Porto, Portugal.
Unidade Local de Saúde de Matosinhos, Senhora da Hora, Portugal.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2024 Dec 18;11:1509240. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1509240. eCollection 2024.
This study aims to characterize the cardiovascular risk profile in countries with low-to-moderate cardiovascular mortality risk (Italy, Portugal, France, and Spain) using the SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP models. It also examines regional variations and the involvement of healthcare professionals in performing risk assessments.
A retrospective observational study was conducted using data from 24,434 cardiovascular risk assessments performed between December 2022 and July 2023 through a digital application used by physicians. The assessments used the SCORE2 model for individuals aged 40-69 and the SCORE2-OP model for those aged 70 and older. Risk stratification into "low-to-moderate," "high," and "very high" categories was analyzed based on individual risk factors such as age, smoking habits, systolic blood pressure, and cholesterol levels.
Approximately 50%-60% of individuals in these countries were classified as having "high" or "very high" cardiovascular risk. The highest proportions were observed in Portugal (62.44%) and Italy (64.05%), while lower proportions were found in Spain (46.65%) and France (52.74%). Regional analysis identified areas with the highest cardiovascular risk, such as Portalegre in Portugal and Apulia in Italy. Key risk factors included older age, smoking, high systolic blood pressure, and high non-HDL cholesterol. General practitioners were the primary healthcare professionals conducting these assessments.
The study highlights a significant proportion of individuals with "high" or "very high" cardiovascular risk in countries with low-to-moderate mortality risk. These findings underscore the need for targeted cardiovascular disease prevention strategies and the crucial role of general practitioners in managing cardiovascular risk.
本研究旨在使用SCORE2和SCORE2-OP模型，对心血管疾病死亡率风险低至中等的国家（意大利、葡萄牙、法国和西班牙）的心血管风险状况进行特征描述。研究还考察了地区差异以及医疗保健专业人员在进行风险评估中的参与情况。
进行了一项回顾性观察研究，使用的数据来自2022年12月至2023年7月期间通过医生使用的数字应用程序进行的24434次心血管风险评估。对于40-69岁的个体，评估使用SCORE2模型；对于70岁及以上的个体，评估使用SCORE2-OP模型。根据年龄、吸烟习惯、收缩压和胆固醇水平等个体风险因素，分析了分为“低至中等”、“高”和“非常高”类别的风险分层。
这些国家中约50%-60%的个体被归类为具有“高”或“非常高”的心血管风险。葡萄牙（62.44%）和意大利（64.05%）的比例最高，而西班牙（46.65%）和法国（52.74%）的比例较低。区域分析确定了心血管风险最高的地区，如葡萄牙的波塔莱格雷和意大利的普利亚。关键风险因素包括年龄较大、吸烟、收缩压高和非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇高。全科医生是进行这些评估的主要医疗保健专业人员。
该研究强调，在心血管疾病死亡率风险低至中等的国家中，有很大比例的个体具有“高”或“非常高”的心血管风险。这些发现强调了针对性心血管疾病预防策略的必要性，以及全科医生在管理心血管风险方面的关键作用。
