Mohammadifard Noushin, Asadi Ali, Zarepur Ehsan, Paknahad Mohammad Hossein, Khosravi Alireza, Hassannejad Razieh, Kermani-Alghoraishi Mohammad, Sarrafzadegan Nizal
Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Department of Cardiology, Medicine School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 2;15(1):408. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-83072-5.
Evidence has argued about the association between dairy intake and premature coronary artery disease (PCAD) development aimed to be discussed in this study. This case-control study was conducted on 813 individuals with PCAD and 471 healthy controls. The dairy intake of participants was assessed by a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Binary and ordinal logistic regression was applied to determine the association of dairy intake with PCAD and its severity, respectively. Compared to the first quartile, the highest quartile of total dairy consumption was associated with an increased risk of PCAD [Odds ratio (OR):1.56; 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.13, 2.14; P = 0.008] in the crude model. It was strengthened after full adjustment [OR: 2.44, 95% CI; 1.50,3.97; P < 0.001]. Both low-fat and high-fat dairy intake revealed no association with the risk of PCAD in the crude model. However, in the fully adjusted model, respectively highest quartile of high-fat and low-fat dairy intake had a relationship with a higher risk of SCAD. [(OR:1.68; 95%CI: 1.05,2.69; P-value for trend = 0.011) and (OR:1.99; 95%CI: 1.20,3.27; P-value for trend = 0.005). After adjustment for potential confounders, the highest amount of intake of high-fat dairy was related to increased severity of PCAD (OR:1.84; 95%CI: 1.27,2.68), but not for total and low-fat dairy intake (OR:0.98; 95%CI: 0.67,1.44 and OR: 0.74; 0.51,1.07; respectively). Dairy consumption regardless of its fat content was associated with increased risk for PCAD. The severe atherosclerotic manifestations in the coronary arteries were only associated with higher intake of high-fat dairy.
本研究旨在探讨乳制品摄入量与早发性冠状动脉疾病（PCAD）发生之间的关联，目前已有相关证据对此展开了争论。这项病例对照研究对813名PCAD患者和471名健康对照者进行。通过一份经验证的半定量食物频率问卷对参与者的乳制品摄入量进行评估。分别应用二元和有序逻辑回归来确定乳制品摄入量与PCAD及其严重程度之间的关联。在粗模型中，与第一四分位数相比，总乳制品消费量的最高四分位数与PCAD风险增加相关[比值比（OR）：1.56；95%置信区间（95%CI）：1.13，2.14；P = 0.008]。在进行全面调整后，这种关联得到了强化[OR：2.44，95%CI；1.50，3.97；P < 0.001]。在粗模型中，低脂和高脂乳制品摄入量与PCAD风险均无关联。然而，在完全调整模型中，高脂和低脂乳制品摄入量的最高四分位数分别与SCAD风险较高相关。[（OR：1.68；95%CI：1.05，2.69；趋势P值 = 0.011）和（OR：1.99；95%CI：1.20，3.27；趋势P值 = 0.005）。在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，高脂乳制品的最高摄入量与PCAD严重程度增加相关（OR：1.84；95%CI：1.27，2.68），但总乳制品和低脂乳制品摄入量则不然（分别为OR：0.98；95%CI：0.67，1.44和OR：0.74；0.51，1.07）。无论脂肪含量如何，乳制品消费都与PCAD风险增加相关。冠状动脉中严重的动脉粥样硬化表现仅与高脂乳制品的较高摄入量相关。
