Kolnes Kristoffer J, Nilsen Emelie T F, Brufladt Steffen, Meadows Allison M, Jeppesen Per B, Skattebo Øyvind, Johansen Egil I, Birk Jesper B, Højlund Kurt, Hingst Janne, Skålhegg Bjørn S, Kjøbsted Rasmus, Griffin Julian L, Kolnes Anders J, O'Rahilly Stephen, Wojtaszewski Jørgen F P, Jensen Jørgen
Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
Steno Diabetes Center Odense, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark.
Nat Commun. 2025 Jan 2;16(1):122. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-55418-0.
Humans have, throughout history, faced periods of starvation necessitating increased physical effort to gather food. To explore adaptations in muscle function, 13 participants (7 males and 6 females) fasted for seven days. They lost 4.6 ± 0.3 kg lean and 1.4 ± 0.1 kg fat mass. Maximal isometric and isokinetic strength remained unchanged, while peak oxygen uptake decreased by 13%. Muscle glycogen was halved, while expression of electron transport chain proteins was unchanged. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) expression increased 13-fold, accompanied by inhibitory pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphorylation, reduced carbohydrate oxidation and decreased exercise endurance capacity. Fasting had no impact on 5' AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity, challenging its proposed role in muscle protein degradation. The participants maintained muscle strength and oxidative enzymes in skeletal muscle during fasting but carbohydrate oxidation and high-intensity endurance capacity were reduced.
纵观历史，人类曾面临饥饿时期，需要付出更多体力来收集食物。为了探究肌肉功能的适应性变化，13名参与者（7名男性和6名女性）禁食7天。他们的去脂体重减少了4.6±0.3千克，脂肪量减少了1.4±0.1千克。最大等长和等速力量保持不变，而最大摄氧量下降了13%。肌肉糖原减少了一半，而电子传递链蛋白的表达没有变化。丙酮酸脱氢酶激酶4（PDK4）的表达增加了13倍，同时伴有丙酮酸脱氢酶磷酸化抑制、碳水化合物氧化减少和运动耐力下降。禁食对5'-腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶（AMPK）的活性没有影响，这对其在肌肉蛋白质降解中所提出的作用提出了挑战。参与者在禁食期间维持了骨骼肌的肌肉力量和氧化酶，但碳水化合物氧化和高强度耐力能力下降。
