Ong Ying Qian, Shahar Suzana, Mohd Safien A'isyah, Ibrahim Norhayati, Chin Ai-Vyrn, Mangialasche Francesca, Kivipelto Miia, Singh Devinder Kaur Ajit
Centre for Healthy Ageing and Wellness (HCARE), Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Geriatric Division, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
BMC Public Health. 2025 Jan 3;25(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20704-5.
Cognitive frailty (CF) is a major precursor to dementia, and multidomain interventions have the potential to delay, prevent or reverse its early onset. However, the successful translation and sustainability of such interventions in real-life settings remain uncertain. In this study, we aimed to explore the insights of older adults with CF and their caregivers regarding the impact and participation in the AGELESS multidomain intervention.
This qualitative study was conducted following the completion of AGELESS multidomain intervention. Semi-structured interviews covering domains such as perceptions, benefits, barriers, facilitators, and program preferences were conducted among 17 older adults with CF and 10 caregivers following the completion of the intervention. The data obtained were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis. Each transcript was reviewed and coded to identify prevailing themes derived from the interview data.
The analysis revealed five distinct themes: (1) impact of the program, (2) facilitators enhancing participation, (3) barriers hindering participation, (4) suggestions for improving participation and (5) challenges to adopt digital platforms. Based on the findings, the AGELESS multidomain intervention had a positive impact on the participants and their caregivers. It was noted that they showed preference for in-person sessions over virtual ones. The study highlighted key factors critical for successful participation, including diversity and inclusivity. It emphasized incorporating a multi-component, group-based approach with social aspects. The intervention should be people-centered, dignified, affordable, and customized to meet the unique needs of each participant.
The AGELESS multidomain intervention was well received by older adults with CF and their caregivers who participated in this study. Moving forward, it is recommended that future initiatives focus on identifying opportunities to implement existing evidence-based programs on a larger scale for the prevention of dementia in older adults.
认知衰弱（CF）是痴呆症的主要先兆，多领域干预有可能延缓、预防或逆转其早期发病。然而，此类干预在现实生活环境中的成功转化和可持续性仍不确定。在本研究中，我们旨在探讨患有CF的老年人及其照护者对“无龄感”多领域干预的影响及参与情况的见解。
本定性研究在“无龄感”多领域干预完成后进行。在干预完成后，对17名患有CF的老年人和10名照护者进行了半结构化访谈，涵盖认知、益处、障碍、促进因素和项目偏好等领域。所获数据逐字转录，并采用主题分析法进行分析。对每份转录本进行审查和编码，以确定从访谈数据中得出的主要主题。
分析揭示了五个不同的主题：（1）项目的影响，（2）促进参与的因素，（3）阻碍参与的障碍，（4）改善参与的建议，以及（5）采用数字平台的挑战。基于这些发现，“无龄感”多领域干预对参与者及其照护者产生了积极影响。值得注意的是，他们更喜欢面对面的课程而非虚拟课程。该研究强调了成功参与的关键因素，包括多样性和包容性。它强调采用多成分、基于群体的方法并融入社会因素。干预应以人为主导、有尊严、负担得起，并根据每个参与者的独特需求进行定制。
参与本研究的患有CF的老年人及其照护者对“无龄感”多领域干预反响良好。展望未来，建议未来的举措侧重于寻找机会，更大规模地实施现有的循证项目，以预防老年人痴呆症。
