Akenine Ulrika, Thunborg Charlotta, Kivipelto Miia, Fallahpour Mandana
Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
School of Health, Care and Social Welfare, Department of Physiotherapy, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden.
J Multidiscip Healthc. 2022 Jan 29;15:219-234. doi: 10.2147/JMDH.S345607. eCollection 2022.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the world's leading public health challenges. One-third of AD cases are attributable to modifiable vascular and lifestyle-related risk factors. The Multimodal Preventive Trial for Alzheimer's Disease, MIND-AD a 6-month multinational parallel-group randomized controlled trial (RCT), targeted persons with prodromal AD and built on the positive outcomes from the Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability (FINGER) trial. The intervention consisted of four main components of (i) physical exercise training program, (ii) nutrition guidance, (iii) cognitive training, and (iv) social stimulation, as well as (iv) monitoring of metabolic/vascular risk factors.
The study aimed to explore and describe the experiences of participation in MIND-AD among persons with prodromal AD.
This qualitative study was part of the larger MIND-AD project. Eight participants were interviewed twice, before and after the intervention. The data was analyzed using qualitative content analysis.
The results are presented as categories of (i) knowledge of AD and prevention, (ii) motives for study participation, (iii) experiences of the received information about the study, (iv) taking the decision to participate, (v) expectations on study participation, (vi) experiences of study participation and (vii) internal and external factors influencing study participation.
The MIND-AD was well-tolerated by the participants. At the beginning of the study, the number of tasks and visits was perceived as burdensome but was later well-tolerated. The participant' knowledge about AD and prevention increased during the trial. Their motives for participating in MIND-AD were described as both altruistic and self-beneficial. Health benefits from the study components, access to specialized medical care were identified as benefits. Managing the intensive flow of information was described a major challenge. The participants' needs for personalized support during the trial stress the importance of applying a person-centered approach providing the preventive trials.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是全球主要的公共卫生挑战之一。三分之一的AD病例可归因于可改变的血管和生活方式相关风险因素。阿尔茨海默病多模式预防试验（MIND-AD）是一项为期6个月的多国平行组随机对照试验（RCT），针对前驱期AD患者，并基于芬兰预防认知障碍和残疾老年干预研究（FINGER）试验的积极成果开展。干预措施包括四个主要部分：（i）体育锻炼训练计划，（ii）营养指导，（iii）认知训练，（iv）社交刺激，以及（iv）代谢/血管危险因素监测。
本研究旨在探索和描述前驱期AD患者参与MIND-AD试验的体验。
本定性研究是更大规模的MIND-AD项目的一部分。8名参与者在干预前后各接受了两次访谈。采用定性内容分析法对数据进行分析。
结果呈现为以下几类：（i）AD及预防知识，（ii）参与研究的动机，（iii）对所获研究信息的体验，（iv）做出参与决定的过程，（v）对参与研究的期望，（vi）参与研究的体验，以及（vii）影响研究参与的内部和外部因素。
参与者对MIND-AD试验耐受性良好。在研究开始时，任务和访视次数被认为很繁重，但后来耐受性良好。在试验过程中，参与者对AD及预防的知识有所增加。他们参与MIND-AD试验的动机被描述为既有利他性又有自我受益性。研究组成部分带来的健康益处、获得专科医疗护理被视为益处。管理密集的信息流被描述为一项重大挑战。参与者在试验期间对个性化支持的需求凸显了在预防性试验中采用以人为本方法的重要性。
