Tadayyon Maryam, Hoseini Masoumeh, Rahmanian Samira, Abdollahzadeh Pegah, Zahedi Razieh
Student Research Committee, Jahrom University Of Medical Science, Jahrom, Iran.
Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2025 Jan 2;44(1):4. doi: 10.1186/s41043-024-00728-8.
Malnutrition, wasting, and obesity among children under 6 years old pose a serious global health concern, increasing the risk of various infectious and non-infectious diseases. Therefore, regular monitoring of these conditions is crucial. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of malnutrition in children under 6 years of age from 2018 to 2023.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on children under 6 years old who were referred to the urban and rural health centres in south Iran for routine health care. The researchers extracted the data from the health electronic records (SIB system) from 2018 to 2023.
This study showed the average prevalence of overweight and obesity is 20%, underweight and severe underweight is 4.9%, wasting and severe wasting is 7.4%, and stunted and severe shortness is 3.8%, 2018-2023. The average annual percentage change of severe wasting was 8.9% (95% CI 0.1% to 18.6%), underweight and severely underweight 5.7% (1.4-10.3) during the study years. The decreasing trend of stunted, particularly severe stunted, - 1.1% (- 0.7-5.2), the probability of overweight - 1.6% (95% CI - 4.7-1.5), and obesity - 1.1% (95% CI - 7-5.2) was seen.
This study revealed a higher prevalence of overweight and obesity than previously reported, although the annual percentage change remained relatively stable. In contrast, a significant increase in underweight and wasting was observed over the past 5 years. Consequently, healthcare managers and policymakers should prioritize interventions to address these trends.
6岁以下儿童的营养不良、消瘦和肥胖问题是严重的全球健康问题，会增加各种传染病和非传染病的风险。因此，定期监测这些情况至关重要。本研究旨在评估2018年至2023年6岁以下儿童的营养不良患病率。
本横断面研究针对被转诊至伊朗南部城乡卫生中心进行常规医疗保健的6岁以下儿童开展。研究人员从2018年至2023年的健康电子记录（SIB系统）中提取数据。
本研究显示，2018 - 2023年期间，超重和肥胖的平均患病率为20%，体重不足和严重体重不足为4.9%，消瘦和严重消瘦为7.4%，发育迟缓及严重矮小为3.8%。在研究期间，严重消瘦的年均变化百分比为8.9%（95%置信区间0.1%至18.6%），体重不足和严重体重不足为5.7%（1.4 - 10.3）。观察到发育迟缓，尤其是严重发育迟缓呈下降趋势，为 - 1.1%（ - 0.7 - 5.2），超重概率为 - 1.6%（95%置信区间 - 4.7 - 1.5），肥胖为 - 1.1%（95%置信区间 - 7 - 5.2）。
本研究显示超重和肥胖的患病率高于先前报告，尽管年均变化百分比相对稳定。相比之下，在过去5年中观察到体重不足和消瘦显著增加。因此，医疗保健管理人员和政策制定者应优先采取干预措施来应对这些趋势。
