Li Zhonghui, Wang Ruohan, Liu Lili, Jia Zonghang, Zhou Peng, He Qingqing
Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, First Clinical Medical College, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, The 960th Hospital of PLA Joint Logistics Support Force, Jinan, Shandong, China.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2024 Dec 19;15:1472009. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1472009. eCollection 2024.
Thyroid diseases are increasingly prevalent, posing significant challenges to patients' quality of life and placing substantial financial burdens on families and society. Despite these impacts, the underlying pathophysiology of many thyroid conditions remains poorly understood, complicating efforts in treatment, management, and prevention. Observational studies can identify associations between exposure variables and disease; however, they often struggle to account for confounding factors and reverse causation. Understanding disease occurrence, epidemiological trends, and clinical diagnosis, prevention, and treatment relies heavily on robust etiological research. Mendelian randomization, a method grounded in genetics and epidemiology, has been widely employed in studying the etiology of thyroid diseases, offering a solution to some of these challenges. This paper categorizes thyroid diseases into thyroid dysfunction and thyroid cancer, reviewing related Mendelian randomization studies. It further provides novel perspectives and approaches for investigating the mechanisms underlying thyroid diseases and designing intervention strategies.
甲状腺疾病日益普遍，给患者的生活质量带来了重大挑战，并给家庭和社会造成了沉重的经济负担。尽管有这些影响，但许多甲状腺疾病的潜在病理生理学仍知之甚少，这使得治疗、管理和预防工作变得复杂。观察性研究可以确定暴露变量与疾病之间的关联；然而，它们往往难以解释混杂因素和反向因果关系。了解疾病的发生、流行病学趋势以及临床诊断、预防和治疗在很大程度上依赖于强有力的病因学研究。孟德尔随机化是一种基于遗传学和流行病学的方法，已广泛应用于甲状腺疾病的病因学研究，为应对其中一些挑战提供了一种解决方案。本文将甲状腺疾病分为甲状腺功能障碍和甲状腺癌，并对相关的孟德尔随机化研究进行综述。它还为研究甲状腺疾病的潜在机制和设计干预策略提供了新的视角和方法。
