Yu Z, Yang Y, Yu Z, Yan Z, Gao R
Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
Aust Dent J. 2025 Jun;70(2):124-131. doi: 10.1111/adj.13056. Epub 2025 Jan 3.
Chronic periodontitis is one of the most common inflammatory diseases worldwide. Micronutrients play a significant impact on health and periodontal disease progression. However, there is still a lack of conclusive studies confirming the causal association of micronutrients with chronic periodontitis.
Genome-wide association study pooled data on chronic periodontitis were collected from the FinnGen consortium, and 14 micronutrients (calcium, copper, zinc, potassium, magnesium, selenium, iron, carotenoids, vitamin B6, B12, C, D, E and folate) were obtained from the OpenGWAS and UK Biobank Study. Instrumental variables were screened by strict criteria. Five Mendelian randomization (MR) methods were used. Finally, the robustness of the findings was verified by sensitivity analyses.
We found that vitamin D reduced the risk of chronic periodontitis (OR: 0.605, 95%CI: 0.398-0.921, P = 0.019). However, we had no evidence of a significant association between other micronutrients and chronic periodontitis. Multiple sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of the findings. A variety of sensitivity analysis methods confirmed the reliability of the results.
In this study, we found a potential causal relationship between vitamin D and chronic periodontitis by MR analysis, whereas we did not find an association between 13 other micronutrients and chronic periodontitis. This result might provide new ideas for the prevention and treatment of chronic periodontitis to some extent. However, despite the rigorous analytical methods used in this study, this finding needs to be interpreted with caution. Further randomized controlled studies might provide more in-depth references to the findings of this study.
慢性牙周炎是全球最常见的炎症性疾病之一。微量营养素对健康和牙周疾病进展有重大影响。然而，仍缺乏确凿研究证实微量营养素与慢性牙周炎之间的因果关联。
从芬兰基因联盟收集全基因组关联研究中慢性牙周炎的汇总数据，并从OpenGWAS和英国生物银行研究中获取14种微量营养素（钙、铜、锌、钾、镁、硒、铁、类胡萝卜素、维生素B6、B12、C、D、E和叶酸）。通过严格标准筛选工具变量。使用了五种孟德尔随机化（MR）方法。最后，通过敏感性分析验证研究结果的稳健性。
我们发现维生素D可降低慢性牙周炎风险（OR：0.605，95%CI：0.398 - 0.921，P = 0.019）。然而，我们没有证据表明其他微量营养素与慢性牙周炎之间存在显著关联。多种敏感性分析证实了研究结果的稳健性。各种敏感性分析方法证实了结果的可靠性。
在本研究中，我们通过MR分析发现维生素D与慢性牙周炎之间存在潜在因果关系，而未发现其他13种微量营养素与慢性牙周炎之间存在关联。这一结果可能在一定程度上为慢性牙周炎的预防和治疗提供新思路。然而，尽管本研究采用了严谨的分析方法，但这一发现仍需谨慎解读。进一步的随机对照研究可能会为该研究结果提供更深入的参考。
