Zamorano-González Carlos A, Ramírez-Trujillo José A, Pilotzi-Xahuentitla Hugo, Yáñez-Ocampo Gustavo, Hernández-Nuñéz Emanuel, Suárez-Rodríguez Ramón, Orea-Flores Maria Laura A, Gómez-Rodríguez Olga, Espinosa-Zaragoza Saúl, Rangel-Zaragoza José L, Aguilar-Marcelino Liliana, Aguilar-Fuentes Javier, Wong-Villarreal Arnoldo
Centro de Investigaciones en Biotécnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, C.P. 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
Unidad Mérida, Departamento de Recursos del Mar, CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico, Mexico.
Curr Microbiol. 2025 Jan 3;82(2):63. doi: 10.1007/s00284-024-04042-8.
In the present study, the nematicidal and fungicidal activity of the biosurfactant (BS) produced by the strain Serratia ureilytica UTS was evaluated. The highest mortality of J2 juveniles of the nematode Nacobbus aberrans was 92.3% at a concentration of 30 mg/mL. Among the phytopathogenic fungi, the concentration of 1.0% of the crude extract of the biosurfactant was the one that obtained the highest percentage inhibition against the phytopathogens Fusarium oxysporum 72.2%, Fusarium sp., 80.2% and Alternaria solani 100% at 168 h of incubation. Analysis of the BS by GC-MS revealed the presence of the three amino acids alanine, homocystine and valine in its composition. As well as the presence of fatty acids: stearic acid, lauric acid and palmitic acid. With nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrophotometry (MS) analysis, the crude extract was found to have the structure of a quaternary ammonium salt derived from stearic fatty acid, which is a component of the biosurfactant. Based on this evidence, it is suggested that the BS produced by S. ureilytica has a lipopeptide-like chemical structure and possesses nematicidal and fungicidal activity, and is therefore proposed for potential use and application as a biopesticide for the benefit of regenerative and sustainable agriculture.
在本研究中，对解脲沙雷氏菌UTS菌株产生的生物表面活性剂（BS）的杀线虫和杀真菌活性进行了评估。在浓度为30mg/mL时，线虫Nacobbus aberrans J2幼虫的最高死亡率为92.3%。在植物致病真菌中，生物表面活性剂粗提物浓度为1.0%时，在培养168小时后对植物病原菌尖孢镰刀菌的抑制率最高，为72.2%，对镰刀菌属的抑制率为80.2%，对茄链格孢的抑制率为100%。通过气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS）对该生物表面活性剂进行分析，结果显示其成分中存在丙氨酸、高胱氨酸和缬氨酸这三种氨基酸。同时还存在脂肪酸：硬脂酸、月桂酸和棕榈酸。通过核磁共振（NMR）和质谱分析（MS）发现，粗提物具有源自硬脂酸的季铵盐结构，硬脂酸是该生物表面活性剂的一种成分。基于这些证据，表明解脲沙雷氏菌产生的生物表面活性剂具有类似脂肽的化学结构，并具有杀线虫和杀真菌活性，因此建议将其作为一种生物农药进行潜在的使用和应用，以造福于再生和可持续农业。
