Stark-Blomeier Anna Lea, Krayter Stephan, Dockweiler Christoph
Department Digital Health Sciences and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany.
Chair of Information Systems, esp. IT for the Aging Society, School of Economic Disciplines, University of Siegen, Siegen, Germany.
PLOS Digit Health. 2025 Jan 3;4(1):e0000710. doi: 10.1371/journal.pdig.0000710. eCollection 2025 Jan.
Telerehabilitation is a new form of care that provides digital access to rehabilitative services. However, it places many demands on the users-both patients and therapists. The aim of this study was to determine the requirements and competencies needed for successful usage, identify person- and context-specific differences and develop a competency model. We conducted two cross-sectional online surveys with telerehabilitation patients and therapists from Germany during June-August 2023. The adjusted dataset of 262 patients and 73 therapists was quantitatively analyzed including descriptive and bivariate statistics. Group differences were assessed using t-tests or U-tests. The development of two telerehabilitation competency models was guided by a competency modeling process. The surveys show that patients need to gather program information before program start, follow therapist's instructions, adapt therapy, deal with health problems, as well as motivate and remind oneself during the program. Therapists need to inform and instruct patients, adapt therapy, carry out technical set-up and support, give medical support, guide and monitor patients, give feedback, motivation and reminder, as well as documentation. The competency model for patients includes 23 and the model for therapists 24 core competencies, including various required areas of knowledge, skills, attitudes and experiences. The three most relevant competencies for patients are self-interest in the program, self-awareness and self-management. Also, disease severity, age, and language abilities can enable successful execution. Program type, technology affinity, and age significantly influence the rated relevance of competencies. The three most relevant competencies for therapists are therapeutic-professional skills, medical and telerehabilitation knowledge. The type of therapy practiced and language abilities can enable successful execution. Therapist's age, technology affinity, and job type significantly impact the rated relevance. The models should be applied to develop tailored training formats and support decisions on the selection of suitable therapists and patients for telerehabilitation.
远程康复是一种新型护理形式，可提供对康复服务的数字访问。然而，它对用户（包括患者和治疗师）提出了许多要求。本研究的目的是确定成功使用所需的要求和能力，识别个人和特定情境差异，并开发一个能力模型。2023年6月至8月期间，我们对来自德国的远程康复患者和治疗师进行了两项横断面在线调查。对262名患者和73名治疗师的调整后数据集进行了定量分析，包括描述性和双变量统计。使用t检验或U检验评估组间差异。两个远程康复能力模型的开发由一个能力建模过程指导。调查表明，患者在项目开始前需要收集项目信息，遵循治疗师的指示，调整治疗，处理健康问题，以及在项目期间自我激励和提醒。治疗师需要告知和指导患者，调整治疗，进行技术设置和支持，提供医疗支持，指导和监测患者，给予反馈、激励和提醒，以及进行记录。患者的能力模型包括23项核心能力，治疗师的能力模型包括24项核心能力，包括各种所需的知识、技能、态度和经验领域。患者最相关的三项能力是对项目的自我兴趣、自我意识和自我管理。此外，疾病严重程度、年龄和语言能力有助于成功实施。项目类型、技术亲和力和年龄显著影响能力的评定相关性。治疗师最相关的三项能力是治疗专业技能、医学和远程康复知识。所实施的治疗类型和语言能力有助于成功实施。治疗师的年龄、技术亲和力和工作类型显著影响评定相关性。这些模型应用于开发量身定制的培训形式，并支持关于为远程康复选择合适治疗师和患者的决策。
