Saw Zhi Kuan, Yuen Jonathan Jun Xian, Ashari Asma, Ibrahim Bahemia Fatima, Low Yun Xuan, Nik Mustapha Nik Mukhriz, Lau May Nak
Department of Family Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Department of Paediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya (UM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
PLoS One. 2025 Jan 3;20(1):e0314853. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0314853. eCollection 2025.
This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of a questionnaire on patient acceptance of orthodontic retainers. The original questionnaire was forward- and backward-translated, followed by four validity tests (content validity, face validity, construct validity, criterion validity) and two reliability tests (test-retest reliability, internal consistency). Content validity was assessed by nine orthodontists who appraised the questionnaire's representativeness, relevance, clarity, and necessity. Face validity was established through semi-structured in-depth interviews with 35 English-literate participants currently wearing orthodontic retainers. Construct validity was established through Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). For criterion validity, 107 participants concurrently answered the questionnaire and the Retainer-modified Malaysian Oral Health Impact Profile questionnaire. Test-retest reliability was verified by 34 subjects who responded to the questionnaire again after a two-week interval. Six revised items passed the threshold value of 0.78 for Item-Content Validity Index and Content Validity Ratio and were revised based on findings from the face validity test. Principal Component Analysis of EFA extracted information on only one component, and all items were positively correlated with the component matrix. Spearman's rho value (rs = 0.490 and rs = 0.416) indicated a moderate correlation between the two questionnaires for criterion validity. Intraclass Correlation Coefficient ranged from 0.687 to 0.913, indicating moderate to excellent test-retest reliability. Cronbach's alpha ranged from 0.687 to 0.913 indicating that none of the questionnaire items showed unacceptable or poor internal consistency. The questionnaire on patient acceptance of orthodontic retainers has been validated and can be used in both clinical and research settings.
本研究旨在评估一份关于患者对正畸保持器接受度的问卷的有效性和可靠性。原始问卷进行了正向和反向翻译，随后进行了四项效度测试（内容效度、表面效度、结构效度、效标效度）和两项信度测试（重测信度、内部一致性）。内容效度由九位正畸医生评估，他们评价问卷的代表性、相关性、清晰度和必要性。表面效度通过对35名目前佩戴正畸保持器且具备英语读写能力的参与者进行半结构化深度访谈来确定。结构效度通过探索性因子分析（EFA）来确定。对于效标效度，107名参与者同时回答了该问卷和经修改的《保持器版马来西亚口腔健康影响概况》问卷。34名受试者在两周间隔后再次回答问卷，以此验证重测信度。六项修订后的条目通过了项目内容效度指数和内容效度比的0.78阈值，并根据表面效度测试结果进行了修订。EFA的主成分分析仅提取了一个成分的信息，所有条目与成分矩阵呈正相关。斯皮尔曼等级相关系数（rs = 0.490和rs = 0.416）表明，两种问卷在效标效度方面存在中度相关性。组内相关系数在0.687至0.913之间，表明重测信度为中度至优秀。克朗巴哈系数在0.687至0.913之间，表明问卷中的所有条目均未显示出不可接受或较差的内部一致性。关于患者对正畸保持器接受度的问卷已经过验证，可用于临床和研究环境。
