Aubry Lise, Vitipon Marianne, Hirschler Aurélie, Diemer Hélène, Rabilloud Thierry, Carapito Christine, Douki Thierry
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, Grenoble INP, SyMMES, Grenoble, F-38000, SyMMES, France.
Chemistry and Biology of Metals, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS UMR5249, CEA, IRIG-LCBM, Grenoble, F-38054, France.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 3;15(1):695. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-83713-9.
Pigment particles used in tattooing may exert long terms effect by releasing diffusible degradation products. In the present work, aqueous suspensions of the organic orange diazo pigment PO13 were aged by exposure to simulated sunlight at 40 °C. The morphology and the surface charge of PO13 particles were barely modified upon aging, but primary particles were released by de-agglomeration. Soluble photoproducts were detected in the liquid fractions. One of this photoproduct (DCBP) was produced in large amount in suspension in isopropanol and purified. The toxicological profiles of aged suspensions, their soluble fractions and DCBP were then determined on the keratinocyte cell line HaCaT. Impact of suspensions of PO13 on viability was hardly affected by aging. In contrast, the soluble fractions were more toxic after photo-aging. Suspensions and filtrates induced neither release of reactive oxygen species nor formation of DNA strand breaks. The samples exhibited only limited effects on the proteome of HaCaT cells. Conversely, DCBP was cytotoxic and induced the production of ROS, but was not genotoxic. DCBP was found to activate CYP450 monooxygenases known to be involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics. Altogether, our results show that aging of PO13 leads to the release of toxic soluble compounds.
纹身中使用的色素颗粒可能会通过释放可扩散的降解产物产生长期影响。在本研究中，有机橙色重氮颜料PO13的水悬浮液在40°C下暴露于模拟阳光下进行老化处理。老化后，PO13颗粒的形态和表面电荷几乎没有改变，但初级颗粒通过解聚作用释放出来。在液体部分检测到了可溶性光产物。其中一种光产物（DCBP）在异丙醇悬浮液中大量产生并进行了纯化。然后在角质形成细胞系HaCaT上测定了老化悬浮液、其可溶部分和DCBP的毒理学特征。PO13悬浮液对活力的影响几乎不受老化影响。相比之下，光老化后的可溶部分毒性更大。悬浮液和滤液既未诱导活性氧的释放，也未诱导DNA链断裂的形成。这些样品对HaCaT细胞蛋白质组的影响有限。相反，DCBP具有细胞毒性并诱导了ROS的产生，但不具有基因毒性。发现DCBP可激活已知参与外源性物质代谢的CYP450单加氧酶。总之，我们的结果表明，PO13的老化会导致有毒可溶性化合物的释放。
