Liu Zhaoyou, Wang Lantian, Wu Pengying, Yuan Lijun
Department of Ultrasound Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, No.569 Xinsi Road, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi, China.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2025 Jan 4;109(1):2. doi: 10.1007/s00253-024-13378-x.
Bacteria-based tumor therapy, which releases therapeutic payloads or remodels the tumor's immune-suppressive microenvironment and directly kills tumor cells or initiates an anti-tumor immune response, is recently recognized as a promising strategy. Bacteria could be endowed with the capacities of tumor targeting, tumor cell killing, and anti-tumor immune activating by established gene engineering. Furthermore, the integration of synthetic biology and nanomedicine into these engineered bacteria could further enhance their efficacy and controllability. This comprehensive review systematically elucidates the classification and mechanisms of bacterial gene expression induction systems, as well as strategies for constructing bacterial-nanomaterial nanobiohybrids. The review concludes by highlighting the challenges associated with quality control and regulation of bacteria-based tumor therapy while also providing insights into the future prospects of this therapeutic technology. KEY POINTS: • A comprehensive overview of the current status of research on bacteria-based tumor therapy. • The classification and mechanisms of bacterial gene expression induction systems are summarized. • The challenges and perspectives in clinical translation.
基于细菌的肿瘤治疗方法，即释放治疗有效载荷或重塑肿瘤的免疫抑制微环境，并直接杀死肿瘤细胞或引发抗肿瘤免疫反应，最近被认为是一种有前景的策略。通过已建立的基因工程，细菌可以被赋予肿瘤靶向、肿瘤细胞杀伤和抗肿瘤免疫激活的能力。此外，将合成生物学和纳米医学整合到这些工程细菌中可以进一步提高它们的疗效和可控性。这篇综述系统地阐述了细菌基因表达诱导系统的分类和机制，以及构建细菌-纳米材料纳米生物杂交体的策略。综述最后强调了基于细菌的肿瘤治疗在质量控制和监管方面面临的挑战，同时也对这种治疗技术的未来前景提供了见解。要点：• 对基于细菌的肿瘤治疗研究现状的全面概述。• 总结了细菌基因表达诱导系统的分类和机制。• 临床转化中的挑战与前景。
