Institute of Virology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), partner site Charité, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
Sci Transl Med. 2024 May 15;16(747):eadl1722. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adl1722.
The evolution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) requires ongoing monitoring to judge the ability of newly arising variants to escape the immune response. A surveillance system necessitates an understanding of differences in neutralization titers measured in different assays and using human and animal serum samples. We compared 18 datasets generated using human, hamster, and mouse serum and six different neutralization assays. Datasets using animal model serum samples showed higher titer magnitudes than datasets using human serum samples in this comparison. Fold change in neutralization of variants compared to ancestral SARS-CoV-2, immunodominance patterns, and antigenic maps were similar among serum samples and assays. Most assays yielded consistent results, except for differences in fold change in cytopathic effect assays. Hamster serum samples were a consistent surrogate for human first-infection serum samples. These results inform the transition of surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 antigenic variation from dependence on human first-infection serum samples to the utilization of serum samples from animal models.
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）的进化需要持续监测，以判断新出现的变异体逃避免疫反应的能力。监测系统需要了解在不同检测中测量的中和效价差异，并使用人和动物血清样本。我们比较了使用人、仓鼠和小鼠血清以及六种不同中和测定法生成的 18 个数据集。在这项比较中，使用动物模型血清样本的数据集比使用人血清样本的数据集显示出更高的滴度幅度。与原始 SARS-CoV-2 相比，变异体的中和作用、免疫优势模式和抗原图谱在血清样本和测定法之间相似。除细胞病变效应测定法中的差异外，大多数测定法得出了一致的结果。仓鼠血清样本是人类初次感染血清样本的可靠替代物。这些结果为从依赖人类初次感染血清样本到利用动物模型血清样本来监测 SARS-CoV-2 抗原变异提供了信息。
