Ma Yingzhuo, Liu Tong, Qi Jianwei, Gan Yiling, Cheng Qiongyao, Xiao Mingzhao, Wang Jun
Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
J Adv Nurs. 2025 Aug;81(8):4856-4870. doi: 10.1111/jan.16655. Epub 2025 Jan 4.
To explore nursing students' perceptions and experiences of using large language models and identify the facilitators and barriers by applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour.
A qualitative descriptive design.
Between January and June 2024, we conducted individual semi-structured online interviews with 24 nursing students from 13 medical universities across China. Participants were recruited using purposive and snowball sampling methods. Interviews were conducted in Mandarin. Data were analysed through directed content analysis.
Analysis revealed 10 themes according to 3 constructs of the Theory of Planned Behaviour: (a) attitude: perceived value and expectations were facilitators, while perceived caution posed barriers; (b) subjective norm: media effects and role model effectiveness were described as facilitators, whereas organisational pressure exerted by medical universities, research institutions and hospitals acted as a barrier to usage; (c) perceived behavioural control: the design of models and free access were strong incentives for students to use, while geographic access restrictions and digital literacy deficiencies were key factors hindering adoption.
This study explored nursing students' attitudes, subjective norms and perceived behavioural control regarding the use of large language models. The findings provided valuable insights into the factors that hindered or facilitated nursing students' adoption.
Through the lens of this study, we have enhanced knowledge of the journey of nursing students using large language models, which contributes to the implementation and management of these tools in nursing education.
There is a gap in the literature regarding nursing students' views and perceptions of large language models and the factors that influence their usage, which this study addresses. These findings could provide evidence-based support for nurse educators to formulate management strategies and guidelines.
Reporting adheres to the consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ) checklist.
No patient or public contribution.
探讨护理专业学生对使用大语言模型的认知和体验，并运用计划行为理论确定促进因素和障碍因素。
质性描述性设计。
在2024年1月至6月期间，我们对来自中国13所医科大学的24名护理专业学生进行了个人半结构化在线访谈。采用目的抽样和滚雪球抽样方法招募参与者。访谈以普通话进行。通过定向内容分析法对数据进行分析。
根据计划行为理论的3个构念分析得出10个主题：（a）态度：感知价值和期望是促进因素，而感知到的谨慎构成障碍；（b）主观规范：媒体效应和榜样效力被描述为促进因素，而医科大学、研究机构和医院施加的组织压力则成为使用的障碍；（c）感知行为控制：模型的设计和免费使用是学生使用的强大动力，而地理访问限制和数字素养不足是阻碍采用的关键因素。
本研究探讨了护理专业学生对使用大语言模型的态度、主观规范和感知行为控制。研究结果为阻碍或促进护理专业学生采用大语言模型的因素提供了有价值的见解。
通过本研究，我们加深了对护理专业学生使用大语言模型过程的了解，这有助于这些工具在护理教育中的实施和管理。
关于护理专业学生对大语言模型的看法和认知以及影响其使用的因素，文献中存在空白，本研究填补了这一空白。这些研究结果可为护士教育工作者制定管理策略和指南提供循证支持。
报告遵循定性研究报告统一标准（COREQ）清单。
无患者或公众参与。
