Lee Eunjoo
Department of Nursing, Kyungnam University, Changwon, Korea.
Womens Health Nurs. 2024 Dec;30(4):299-308. doi: 10.4069/whn.2024.10.18.1. Epub 2024 Dec 30.
Social support and self-esteem play crucial roles in influencing the mental health of pregnant women. This study explored the moderating role of social support and the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between pregnancy-related stress and antenatal depression among pregnant women.
This cross-sectional study included 180 pregnant women who visited the obstetrics outpatient clinic at a hospital in Changwon, Korea, between November 22 and December 30, 2022. Data were collected through structured questionnaires that assessed antenatal depression, pregnancy stress, self-esteem, and social support. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficients, and PROCESS Macro model 5.
The mean gestational age of the participants was 23 weeks. The mean score for pregnancy stress was 63.51±14.33, indicating a moderate level of self-esteem and social support were high, with scores of 31.06±4.83 and 41.96±7.73, respectively. Prenatal depression was notably low, averaging 6.51±4.59. It showed a significant positive correlation with pregnancy stress (r=.52, p<.001) and negative correlations with self-esteem (r=-.49, p<.001) and social support (r=-.24, p=.001). Self-esteem acted as a mediator in the relationship between pregnancy stress and antepartum depression among pregnant women, with an indirect effect of .05 and a 95% confidence interval of .02 to .08. Additionally, social support moderated the impact of pregnancy stress on antepartum depression (B=-.01, p=.036).
The study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach to maternal mental health during pregnancy, which should include stress management, self-esteem enhancement, and social support interventions. Addressing these interconnected factors is crucial for promoting maternal well-being and reducing the incidence of prenatal depression.
社会支持和自尊在影响孕妇心理健康方面起着关键作用。本研究探讨了社会支持的调节作用以及自尊在孕妇孕期相关压力与产前抑郁关系中的中介作用。
这项横断面研究纳入了2022年11月22日至12月30日期间在韩国昌原市一家医院产科门诊就诊的180名孕妇。通过结构化问卷收集数据，该问卷评估了产前抑郁、孕期压力、自尊和社会支持。使用描述性统计、Pearson相关系数和PROCESS宏模型5对数据进行分析。
参与者的平均孕周为23周。孕期压力的平均得分为63.51±14.33，表明自尊处于中等水平，社会支持较高，得分分别为31.06±4.83和41.96±7.73。产前抑郁水平显著较低，平均为6.51±4.59。它与孕期压力呈显著正相关（r = 0.52，p < 0.001），与自尊呈负相关（r = -0.49，p < 0.001），与社会支持呈负相关（r = -0.24，p = 0.001）。自尊在孕妇孕期压力与产前抑郁的关系中起中介作用，间接效应为0.05，95%置信区间为0.02至0.08。此外，社会支持调节了孕期压力对产前抑郁的影响（B = -0.01，p = 0.036）。
该研究强调孕期产妇心理健康需要综合方法，应包括压力管理、自尊增强和社会支持干预。解决这些相互关联的因素对于促进产妇福祉和降低产前抑郁发生率至关重要。
