Girma Abayeneh
Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Science, Mekdela Amba University, P.O. Box 32, Tulu Awuliya, Ethiopia.
Cell Surf. 2024 Dec 9;13:100137. doi: 10.1016/j.tcsw.2024.100137. eCollection 2025 Jun.
has evolved a sophisticated regulatory system to control its virulence. One of the main roles of this interconnected network is to sense and respond to diverse environmental signals by altering the synthesis of virulence components required for survival in the host, including cell surface adhesins, extracellular enzymes and toxins. The accessory gene regulator (agr), a quorum sensing system that detects the local concentration of a cyclic peptide signaling molecule, is one of the well-studied of these . regulatory mechanisms. By using this system, S. aureus is able to sense its own population density and translate this information into a specific pattern of gene expression. In addition to Agr, this pathogen senses specific stimuli through various two-component systems and synchronizes responses with alternative sigma factors and cytoplasmic regulators of the SarA protein family. These different regulatory mechanisms combine host and environmental information into a network that guarantees the best possible response of pathogens to changing circumstances. In this article, an overview of the most significant and thoroughly studied regulatory systems of . is provided, along with a summary of their roles in host interactions.
已经进化出一套复杂的调节系统来控制其毒力。这个相互关联的网络的主要作用之一是通过改变在宿主体内存活所需的毒力成分的合成来感知和响应各种环境信号，这些毒力成分包括细胞表面粘附素、细胞外酶和毒素。附属基因调节因子（agr）是一种群体感应系统，可检测环状肽信号分子的局部浓度，是这些调节机制中研究较为深入的一种。通过使用该系统，金黄色葡萄球菌能够感知自身的群体密度，并将这些信息转化为特定的基因表达模式。除了Agr之外，这种病原体还通过各种双组分系统感知特定刺激，并与替代西格玛因子和SarA蛋白家族的细胞质调节因子同步反应。这些不同的调节机制将宿主和环境信息整合到一个网络中，以确保病原体对不断变化的环境做出最佳反应。本文概述了金黄色葡萄球菌最重要且研究最深入的调节系统，并总结了它们在宿主相互作用中的作用。
