Asres Israel Endale, Koricho Ermias Gebrekidan, Kassa Ephrem Zeleke
Faculty of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Addis Ababa Science and Technology University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Heliyon. 2024 Dec 10;11(1):e40958. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40958. eCollection 2025 Jan 15.
Particularly when they occur at high speeds, vehicle accidents represent a serious threat to human beings and due to this fact vehicle accident is considered as worlds high priority risk. Several research have been done to enhance the crashworthiness of bumper subsystems. With an emphasis on the major crash management system components which are also known as crash box and bumper beam, this study explores ways to improve the crashworthiness of vehicles. Two techniques were used, bio-inspired design for the bumper beam based on the false banana structure and localized heat treatment for the crash box. The study is conducted numerically using Explicit/dynamic analysis. New Car Assessment Program (NCAP) standard compliant numerical simulations were used to evaluate the performance of all the alternative models. For the selection of the best performing alternative model, complex proportional assessment method (COPRAS) is used. A baseline Peugeot 3008 model was used to test 26 different models for the crash box, taking into account variables such as heat treatment thickness and sequence of soft and hard pitch variation. The CB_22 model, which has constant soft and hard pitch, performed better. 10 alternative models which are mimicked from the false banana stem were considered for the bumper beam. When alternative models are compared to the Peugeot 3008 baseline, the fourth model (BD_04_90) with a reinforcement at 90 showed a 25 % improvement in terms priority value. The new bumper subsystem performed better in full-scale collision simulations than the Peugeot 3008 model, but it performed less in the 40 % offset crash scenario. In general, this research offers valuable insights for the automotive industry in developing safer and more efficient bumper sub systems. By conducting iterated localized heat treatment, incorporating bioinspired design principles, and considering the interdependent effects of different components, this study provides a valuable input for future advancements in vehicle safety design and standard.
特别是当车辆事故高速发生时，它们对人类构成严重威胁，因此车辆事故被视为全球高度优先的风险。已经进行了多项研究来提高保险杠子系统的防撞性能。本研究着重于主要的碰撞管理系统组件，即碰撞盒和保险杠梁，探索提高车辆防撞性能的方法。采用了两种技术，基于假香蕉结构对保险杠梁进行仿生设计，对碰撞盒进行局部热处理。该研究使用显式/动态分析进行数值模拟。使用符合新车评估程序（NCAP）标准的数值模拟来评估所有替代模型的性能。为了选择性能最佳的替代模型，使用了复杂比例评估方法（COPRAS）。使用标致3008基础车型对26种不同的碰撞盒模型进行测试，考虑了诸如热处理厚度以及软硬间距变化顺序等变量。具有恒定软硬间距的CB_22模型表现更好。针对保险杠梁考虑了10种模仿假香蕉茎的替代模型。将替代模型与标致3008基础车型进行比较时，在90处有加强件的第四个模型（BD_04_90）在优先级值方面提高了25%。新的保险杠子系统在全尺寸碰撞模拟中的表现优于标致3008模型，但在40%偏置碰撞场景中的表现较差。总体而言，本研究为汽车行业开发更安全、更高效的保险杠子系统提供了有价值的见解。通过进行迭代局部热处理、纳入仿生设计原则以及考虑不同组件的相互依存效应，本研究为车辆安全设计和标准的未来发展提供了有价值的参考。
