汽车碰撞中碰撞测试评级和严重胸腹损伤的可能性：新车评估计划侧面碰撞测试，1998-2010 年。

Crash test rating and likelihood of major thoracoabdominal injury in motor vehicle crashes: the new car assessment program side-impact crash test, 1998-2010.

机构信息

From the University of Washington Departments of Urology (B.F., H.W., B.V.) and Surgery (R.K., E.B.), University of Washington, Harborview Injury Prevention and Research Center, Harborview Medical Center; Group Health Research Institute (C.D.M.), Seattle, Washington; Scott Department of Urology (T.G.S.), Baylor College of Medicine, Ben Taub General Hospital, Houston, Texas.

出版信息

J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2014 Mar;76(3):750-4. doi: 10.1097/TA.0b013e3182aafd5b.

DOI:10.1097/TA.0b013e3182aafd5b

PMID:24553544

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7994791/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration's New Car Assessment Program (NCAP) implemented side-impact crash testing on all new vehicles since 1998 to assess the likelihood of major thoracoabdominal injuries during a side-impact crash. Higher crash test rating is intended to indicate a safer car, but the real-world applicability of these ratings is unknown. Our objective was to determine the relationship between a vehicle's NCAP side-impact crash test rating and the risk of major thoracoabdominal injury among the vehicle's occupants in real-world side-impact motor vehicle crashes.

METHODS

The National Automotive Sampling System Crashworthiness Data System contains detailed crash and injury data in a sample of major crashes in the United States. For model years 1998 to 2010 and crash years 1999 to 2010, 68,124 occupants were identified in the Crashworthiness Data System database. Because 47% of cases were missing crash severity (ΔV), multiple imputation was used to estimate the missing values. The primary predictor of interest was the occupant vehicle's NCAP side-impact crash test rating, and the outcome of interest was the presence of major (Abbreviated Injury Scale [AIS] score ≥ 3) thoracoabdominal injury.

RESULTS

In multivariate analysis, increasing NCAP crash test rating was associated with lower likelihood of major thoracoabdominal injury at high (odds ratio [OR], 0.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.7-0.9; p < 0.01) and medium (OR, 0.9; 95% CI, 0.8-1.0; p < 0.05) crash severity (ΔV), but not at low ΔV (OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.8-1.2; p = 0.55). In our model, older age and absence of seat belt use were associated with greater likelihood of major thoracoabdominal injury at low and medium ΔV (p < 0.001), but not at high ΔV (p ≥ 0.09).

CONCLUSION

Among adults in model year 1998 to 2010 vehicles involved in medium and high severity motor vehicle crashes, a higher NCAP side-impact crash test rating is associated with a lower likelihood of major thoracoabdominal trauma.

LEVEL OF EVIDENCE

Epidemiologic study, level III.

摘要

背景

自 1998 年以来，美国国家公路交通安全管理局的新车评估计划（NCAP）已对所有新车实施侧面碰撞测试，以评估在侧面碰撞中发生重大胸腹损伤的可能性。更高的碰撞测试评级旨在表示汽车更安全，但这些评级在现实世界中的适用性尚不清楚。我们的目的是确定车辆的 NCAP 侧面碰撞测试评级与现实世界中侧面碰撞机动车事故中车辆乘员发生重大胸腹损伤的风险之间的关系。

方法

国家汽车抽样系统碰撞安全性数据系统包含美国重大事故样本中的详细碰撞和伤害数据。在 Crashworthiness Data System 数据库中，1998 年至 2010 年车型年和 1999 年至 2010 年碰撞年共确定了 68124 名乘员。由于 47%的病例缺失碰撞严重程度（ΔV），因此使用多重插补法来估计缺失值。主要关注的预测因子是乘员车辆的 NCAP 侧面碰撞测试评级，而感兴趣的结果是存在重大（损伤严重程度评分 [AIS]≥3）胸腹损伤。

结果

在多变量分析中，NCAP 碰撞测试评级的增加与高（比值比 [OR]，0.8；95%置信区间 [CI]，0.7-0.9；p<0.01）和中（OR，0.9；95%CI，0.8-1.0；p<0.05）碰撞严重程度（ΔV）时重大胸腹损伤的可能性降低相关，但在低 ΔV 时则不然（OR，0.95；95%CI，0.8-1.2；p=0.55）。在我们的模型中，年龄较大和未系安全带与低和中 ΔV 时重大胸腹损伤的可能性增加相关（p<0.001），但与高 ΔV 时无关（p≥0.09）。