Zou Yefan, Ma Ninger
Faculty of Economics, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
Faculty of Law, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
Heliyon. 2024 Nov 22;10(24):e40635. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e40635. eCollection 2024 Dec 30.
This research examined the management, financial technology, and environmental taxation elements impacting energy transformation in Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) countries concerning foreign direct investment (FDI). The study aims to analyze data from 2014 to 2022, encompassing a balanced group of 148 BRI member nations-72 from minimal and lower-middle-class countries and 78 from significant and middle-income industrialized nations. Utilizing the two-step systems generalized method of moments (GMM) framework and verifying with the two-stage least squares (2SLS) approach, the study identified critical drivers and barriers to energy transformation in these countries. The findings indicate that effective management practices, advanced financial technologies, and appropriate environmental taxation policies significantly influence energy transformation and FDI inflows. Additionally, the research reviewed the impact of cruise tourism on human health and environmental ecosystems, highlighting severe environmental consequences such as habitat deterioration, marine pollution, and ecosystem disturbances. Human health issues linked to air and water pollution, including respiratory disorders and water-borne illnesses, were also identified. The socioeconomic effects on nearby communities were significant, underscoring the need for stringent regulations and sustainable practices. This comprehensive analysis provides essential insights for policymakers, industry stakeholders, and scholars, advocating for integrated policies to promote sustainable energy transformation and mitigate the adverse effects of cruise tourism.
本研究考察了“一带一路”倡议（BRI）国家中影响能源转型的管理、金融科技和环境税收因素与外国直接投资（FDI）的关系。该研究旨在分析2014年至2022年的数据，涵盖148个“一带一路”成员国，其中72个来自低收入和中低收入国家，78个来自高收入和中等收入工业化国家。利用两步系统广义矩估计（GMM）框架并通过两阶段最小二乘法（2SLS）方法进行验证，该研究确定了这些国家能源转型的关键驱动因素和障碍。研究结果表明，有效的管理实践、先进的金融技术和适当的环境税收政策对能源转型和外国直接投资流入有显著影响。此外，该研究还审查了邮轮旅游对人类健康和环境生态系统的影响，强调了诸如栖息地退化、海洋污染和生态系统紊乱等严重环境后果。还确定了与空气和水污染相关的人类健康问题，包括呼吸系统疾病和水传播疾病。对附近社区的社会经济影响也很显著，这突出了制定严格法规和可持续做法的必要性。这一全面分析为政策制定者、行业利益相关者和学者提供了重要见解，倡导制定综合政策以促进可持续能源转型并减轻邮轮旅游的不利影响。
