Elasheer Osama M, Mahmoud Asmaa Ahmed, Rassmy Merly R, A Farghl Maher M, Darwish Manal, AboElgheet Amir Mohammad
Pediatrics, Assiut University, Assiut, EGY.
Public Health, Assiut University, Assiut, EGY.
Cureus. 2024 Dec 4;16(12):e75115. doi: 10.7759/cureus.75115. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Background Feeding and growth during infancy have been associated with later life body mass index and early excessive weight gain is associated with obesity later on. This study aimed to assess the effect of feeding in the first two years of life on the body composition of children at the preschool age and detect the importance of using bioelectrical impedance (BIA) analysis in identifying individuals at risk of overweight and obesity. Methods A cross-sectional study included 160 children. Data was collected on personal history and nutritional history in detail, body composition analysis was done by a scale measuring the amount of fat, protein, water, and minerals in the body to identify individuals at-risk of overweight and obesity. Results The percentage of infants with a normal BMI was significantly lower in the formula-fed group (40.9%) vs. the breastfed (71.1%) and mixed-feeding groups (50.9%). Regarding the type of first food introduced, the cereal group has a higher percentage (70.4%) of infants categorized as "normal" weight, and the dairy products have a higher percentage (31.4%) of infants categorized as obese. However, there were no significant differences in total body composition or BMI evaluation according to the timing of the first food introduced. Finally, as regards the prognostic performance of BIA, the cut-off point for body fat mass is ≥5.2, and it has a high sensitivity of 85.71% and a specificity of 89.69%. Conclusion Body composition is affected by the type of feeding and the type of first food introduced. Body fat mass is a good predictor for discriminating between overweight and normal BMI individuals.
婴儿期的喂养和生长与成年后的体重指数相关，早期体重过度增加与日后的肥胖有关。本研究旨在评估生命最初两年的喂养对学龄前儿童身体成分的影响，并检测使用生物电阻抗（BIA）分析在识别超重和肥胖风险个体中的重要性。方法：一项横断面研究纳入了160名儿童。详细收集了个人史和营养史数据，通过测量身体脂肪、蛋白质、水和矿物质含量的秤进行身体成分分析，以识别超重和肥胖风险个体。结果：配方奶喂养组正常BMI婴儿的百分比（40.9%）显著低于母乳喂养组（71.1%）和混合喂养组（50.9%）。关于引入的第一种食物类型，谷物组中体重“正常”的婴儿百分比更高（70.4%），而乳制品组中肥胖婴儿的百分比更高（31.4%）。然而，根据引入第一种食物的时间，总体身体成分或BMI评估没有显著差异。最后，关于BIA的预测性能，身体脂肪量的截断点为≥5.2，其敏感性高，为85.71%，特异性为89.69%。结论：身体成分受喂养类型和引入的第一种食物类型的影响。身体脂肪量是区分超重和正常BMI个体的良好预测指标。
