Kim Jungok, Yun Eun Kyoung
College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
J Med Internet Res. 2025 Jan 6;27:e60446. doi: 10.2196/60446.
Emerging infectious disease disasters receive extensive media coverage and public attention. Nurse burnout and attrition peak during health crises such as pandemics. However, there is limited research on nursing issues related to repeated emerging infectious disease crises over time.
The purpose of this study was to analyze and draw implications from changes in key nursing issues reported by the news media during the outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS; 2003), influenza A (2009), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS; 2015), and COVID-19 (2020) in Korea using topic modeling.
A total of 51,489 news articles were extracted by searching for the keywords "nursing" or "nurse" in the title or body of articles published from April 2003 to May 2021 (during new infectious disease outbreaks) in the open integrated database. The selected news articles were preprocessed then analyzed for text and structure using a 3-step keyword analysis method, latent Dirichlet allocation topic modeling, and keyword network analysis.
Among the 51,489 news articles collected with the search terms "nursing" and "nurse," 17,285 (33.6%) were selected based on the eligibility criteria and used in the final analysis. Using topic modeling, we derived 5 topics each for SARS, influenza A, and MERS and 6 topics for COVID-19. The themes commonly identified through topic modeling and keyword network analysis across the 4 epidemics were "response to emerging infectious diseases in Korea," "demand for nurses," "vulnerability in the work environment," and "roles and responsibilities of nurses." Although the topic names were the same, the meanings implied by the comprehensive keywords for each epidemic varied depending on the epidemic and the times.
Analysis of the identified themes and associated keyword network revealed that issues related to nurse shortages, working conditions, and poor treatment were not unique to the COVID-19 pandemic but rather recurring themes from previous epidemics. Our findings can be used to inform strategies to improve the professional roles, work environment, and treatment of nurses during health crises. Suggestions for future nursing-related policy impact and change research are also provided.
新发传染病灾难受到媒体广泛报道和公众关注。在大流行等健康危机期间，护士职业倦怠和人员流失达到高峰。然而，关于长期反复出现的新发传染病危机相关护理问题的研究有限。
本研究旨在通过主题建模分析韩国在严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS；2003年）、甲型流感（2009年）、中东呼吸综合征（MERS；2015年）和2019冠状病毒病（COVID - 19；2020年）疫情期间新闻媒体报道的关键护理问题的变化，并得出相关启示。
通过在开放综合数据库中搜索2003年4月至2021年5月（新发传染病爆发期间）发表的文章标题或正文中的关键词“护理”或“护士”，共提取51489篇新闻文章。对选定的新闻文章进行预处理，然后使用三步关键词分析方法、潜在狄利克雷分配主题建模和关键词网络分析对文本和结构进行分析。
在以“护理”和“护士”为搜索词收集的51489篇新闻文章中，根据入选标准选择了17285篇（33.6%）用于最终分析。通过主题建模，我们为SARS、甲型流感和MERS各得出5个主题，为COVID - 19得出6个主题。通过对这4次疫情进行主题建模和关键词网络分析共同确定的主题是“韩国对新发传染病的应对”“对护士的需求”“工作环境中的脆弱性”以及“护士的角色和职责”。虽然主题名称相同，但每次疫情综合关键词所隐含的含义因疫情和时代而异。
对确定的主题和相关关键词网络的分析表明，与护士短缺、工作条件和待遇不佳相关的问题并非COVID - 19大流行所特有，而是先前疫情反复出现的主题。我们的研究结果可用于为改善健康危机期间护士的专业角色、工作环境和待遇的策略提供信息。还提供了未来护理相关政策影响和变革研究的建议。
