Department of Surgical Sciences, Medical Epidemiology, Uppsala University, SE-75185 Uppsala, Sweden.
Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
Nutrients. 2022 Mar 3;14(5):1070. doi: 10.3390/nu14051070.
The role of milk and fermented milk consumption in stroke risk is unclear. We investigated associations of time-updated information on milk and fermented milk consumption (1997 and 2009) with total stroke, cerebral infarction, and hemorrhagic stroke risk among 79,618 Swedish women and men (mean age 61.3 years). During a mean follow-up of 17.7 years, we identified 9735 incident cases of total stroke, of which 7573 were cerebral infarctions, 1470 hemorrhagic strokes, and 692 unspecified strokes. Compared with an intake of 100 g/day of milk, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of cerebral infarction were 1.05 (1.02-1.08) for 0 g/day, 0.97 (0.95-0.99) for 200 g/day, 0.96 (0.92-1.00) for 400 g/day, 0.98 (0.94-1.03) for 600 g/day, and 1.01 (0.94-1.07) for 800 g/day. Corresponding estimates for hemorrhagic stroke were 0.98 (0.91-1.05) for 0 g/day, 1.02 (0.97-1.07) for 200 g/day, 1.07 (0.98-1.17) for 400 g/day, 1.13 (1.02-1.25) for 600 g/day, and 1.19 (1.03-1.36) for 800 g/day. No associations were observed between milk consumption and total stroke or for fermented milk consumption and any of the stroke outcomes. Higher long-term milk consumption based on repeated measures of intake was weakly and non-linearly associated with cerebral infarction, and was directly associated with hemorrhagic stroke.
牛奶和发酵乳的摄入与中风风险的关系尚不清楚。我们研究了瑞典 79618 名女性和男性（平均年龄 61.3 岁）在 1997 年和 2009 年更新的牛奶和发酵乳摄入量的时间与总中风、脑梗死和出血性中风风险之间的关联。在平均 17.7 年的随访期间，我们共发现了 9735 例总中风病例，其中 7573 例为脑梗死，1470 例为出血性中风，692 例为未明确类型的中风。与每天摄入 100 克牛奶相比，每天摄入 0 克、200 克、400 克、600 克和 800 克牛奶的脑梗死的多变量调整后的危险比（95%置信区间）分别为 1.05（1.02-1.08）、0.97（0.95-0.99）、0.96（0.92-1.00）、0.98（0.94-1.03）和 1.01（0.94-1.07）。出血性中风的相应估计值分别为 0 克/天的 0.98（0.91-1.05）、200 克/天的 1.02（0.97-1.07）、400 克/天的 1.07（0.98-1.17）、600 克/天的 1.13（1.02-1.25）和 800 克/天的 1.19（1.03-1.36）。未观察到牛奶摄入与总中风或发酵乳摄入与任何中风结局之间的关联。基于摄入量重复测量的较高长期牛奶摄入量与脑梗死呈弱且非线性相关，与出血性中风呈直接相关。
