Minaeva L P, Markova Yu M, Sedova I B, Chaly Z A
Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology, and Food Safety, Moscow, Russia.
Bull Exp Biol Med. 2024 Dec;178(2):218-222. doi: 10.1007/s10517-025-06310-4. Epub 2025 Jan 7.
Micromycetes from the genus Alternaria are commonly found in plant food raw materials, and their produced emerging mycotoxins (EMT) pose a risk to human health. Based on polyphase taxonomy, we studied the species composition of the Alternaria spp. population in samples of Russian grain and berries; non-toxinogenic species of Alternaria of the Infectoriae section and toxinogenic species of the Alternaria section were found. Using in vitro HPLC-MS/MS, a high potential for EMT production was revealed in strains from the Alternaria section: alternariol and alternariol methyl ester, tenuazonic acid, altenuene, and tentoxin. These findings indicate that species of the Alternaria section play a significant role in the contamination of plant foods with EMT. The proposed algorithm for in vitro analysis of toxin formation can be implemented in screening for toxin-producing species within the Alternaria spp. population, allowing the differentiation of chemotypes and an expansion of the understanding of the biodiversity within the Alternaria spp. population.
链格孢属的微真菌常见于植物性食品原料中，其产生的新兴霉菌毒素（EMT）对人类健康构成风险。基于多相分类学，我们研究了俄罗斯谷物和浆果样品中链格孢属种群的物种组成；发现了侵染链格孢组的非产毒物种和链格孢组的产毒物种。使用体外高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（HPLC-MS/MS），发现链格孢组菌株具有产生EMT的高潜力：交链孢酚、交链孢酚单甲醚、细交链孢菌酮酸、互隔交链孢酚和细交链孢菌毒素。这些发现表明，链格孢组的物种在植物性食品被EMT污染方面起着重要作用。所提出的体外毒素形成分析算法可用于筛选链格孢属种群中产毒物种，从而区分化学型并拓展对链格孢属种群生物多样性的认识。
