Lemus-Mondaca Roberto, Puente-Díaz Luis, Cifuentes Angélica, Lizama Katherine, González Paula
Department of Food Science and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemical Sciences and Pharmaceutical, Universidad de Chile, St. Dr. Carlos Lorca 964, Independencia, Santiago 8380494, Chile.
Department of Agricultural, Food & Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2P5, Canada.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Dec 12;13(12):1521. doi: 10.3390/antiox13121521.
Papaya fruit is commonly known for its nutritional and medicinal value. It is a perennial, herbaceous, and trioecious cross-pollinated species with male, female, and hermaphrodite plants. The Chilean papaya, originating from South America, has been extensively spread throughout the Andean nations, cultivated primarily in the Coquimbo and Valparaíso valleys in Chile, between 34°41' and 36°33' latitude south. Its intense aroma, yellow color, and oblong shape characterize this fruit. It also stands out for its high content of carotenoids, vitamins, proteins, and polysaccharides, which make it a great functional food. Also, papaya contains bioactive compounds with antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and wound-healing effects. For years, the fruit has been used to produce canned fruit, juice, and candies to satisfy the local market. Chilean papaya has significant economic importance, supplying both local and international markets. This review aims to consolidate the evidence-based information on the native Chilean papaya () as a food matrix. The fruit's ripening process, nutritional composition, industrial applications, and health-promoting properties, including its antioxidant and antidiabetic effects, are thoroughly examined. Additionally, the extraction of papaya oil, encapsulation of bioactive compounds, industrial and artisanal processing techniques, and patents are explored, highlighting the diverse applications and potential benefits of this fruit.
番木瓜果实因其营养价值和药用价值而广为人知。它是一种多年生草本植物，雌雄异株，通过异花授粉，有雄株、雌株和雌雄同株。原产于南美洲的智利番木瓜已广泛传播到安第斯国家，主要种植在智利的科金博和瓦尔帕莱索山谷，南纬34°41'至36°33'之间。这种水果的特点是香气浓郁、颜色金黄、形状呈椭圆形。它还因其富含类胡萝卜素、维生素、蛋白质和多糖而脱颖而出，使其成为一种优质的功能性食品。此外，番木瓜含有具有抗真菌、抗炎和伤口愈合作用的生物活性化合物。多年来，这种水果一直被用于生产罐装水果、果汁和糖果以满足当地市场需求。智利番木瓜具有重要的经济意义，为本地和国际市场提供产品。本综述旨在整合有关智利本土番木瓜作为一种食物基质的循证信息。对该水果的成熟过程、营养成分、工业应用以及促进健康的特性，包括其抗氧化和抗糖尿病作用进行了全面研究。此外，还探讨了番木瓜油的提取、生物活性化合物的包封、工业和手工加工技术以及专利，突出了这种水果的多种应用和潜在益处。
