Wonisch Willibald, Tatzber Franz, Lindschinger Meinrad, Falk Andreas, Resch Ulrike, Mörkl Sabrina, Zarkovic Neven, Cvirn Gerhard
Otto Loewi Research Center, Division of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Styria, Austria.
Omnignostica Ltd., 3421 Höflein an der Donau, Lower Austria, Austria.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Dec 19;13(12):1560. doi: 10.3390/antiox13121560.
One of the most prominent actions of oxidative stress is the attack of free radicals on poylyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), initiating a chain reaction to modify these PUFAs and generate oxidized modifications on all biomolecules. In the last quarter of the 20th century, intensive research was carried out to identify antibodies against such modifications. In the mid-1990s, the first enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was introduced to the market, significantly accelerating research activities and knowledge gain. During this pioneering period, the main focus was on cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, and other diseases associated with oxidative stress. Subsequently, a standard range of these antibodies against oxidized LDL (oLAb) was determined in the population. Furthermore, the impact of exhaustive physical activity and diet on oLAb titers, and the correlation between newborns and mothers after delivery, as well as nutritional intake in newborns, were evaluated. Subsequently, the harmful effects of smoking and many other areas regarding oLAb titer were published, resulting in novel approaches for prognostic and therapeutic options, in particular through studies with antioxidants, which were able to influence oLAb significantly. This review presents an overview of the research activities obtained with this ELISA over the past three decades.
氧化应激最显著的作用之一是自由基攻击多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs），引发连锁反应来修饰这些PUFAs，并在所有生物分子上产生氧化修饰。在20世纪最后25年里，人们开展了大量研究来鉴定针对此类修饰的抗体。20世纪90年代中期，首个酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）被推向市场，极大地加速了研究活动和知识积累。在这个开拓时期，主要关注的是心血管疾病、癌症、糖尿病以及其他与氧化应激相关的疾病。随后，在人群中确定了这些抗氧化低密度脂蛋白（oLAb）抗体的标准范围。此外，还评估了力竭性体育活动和饮食对oLAb滴度的影响，以及分娩后新生儿与母亲之间的相关性，还有新生儿的营养摄入情况。随后，关于吸烟及许多其他与oLAb滴度相关领域的有害影响被发表，从而产生了新的预后和治疗选择方法，特别是通过使用抗氧化剂的研究，这些研究能够显著影响oLAb。本综述概述了过去三十年来使用这种ELISA所开展的研究活动。
