Rungchang Saowaluk, Kittiwachana Sila, Funsueb Sujitra, Rachtanapun Chitsiri, Tantala Juthamas, Sookwong Phumon, Yort Laichheang, Sringarm Chayanid, Jiamyangyuen Sudarat
Department of Agro-Industry, Faculty of Agriculture Natural Resources and Environment, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.
Foods. 2024 Dec 17;13(24):4079. doi: 10.3390/foods13244079.
Vitamin E is an essential nutrient, but its poor water solubility limits food and pharmaceutical applications. The usability of vitamin E can be enhanced via modification methods such as encapsulation, which transforms the physical state of vitamin E from a liquid to a powder. This study examined the efficacy of near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopy in identifying and predicting various vitamin E derivatives in vitamin E-encapsulated powder (VEP). An MIR analysis revealed the fundamental C-H vibrations of vitamin E in the range of 2700-3250 cm, whereas an NIR analysis provided information about the corresponding combination, first, and second overtones in the range of 4000-9000 cm. The MIR and NIR data were analyzed using a principal component analysis to characterize the VEP. Partial least squares (PLS) regression was applied to predict the content of individual vitamin E derivatives. PLS cross-validation revealed that NIR analysis provides more reliable predictive accuracy and precision for the contents of vitamin E derivatives, achieving a higher coefficient of determination for prediction (Q) (0.92-0.99) than MIR analysis (0.20-0.85). For test set validation, the NIR predictions exhibited a significant level of accuracy, as indicated by a high ratio of prediction to deviation (RPD) and Q. Furthermore, the PLS models developed using the NIR data had statistically significant predictive performance, with a high RPD (1.54-3.92) and Q (0.66-0.94). Thus, NIR spectroscopy is a valuable nondestructive technique for analyzing vitamin E samples, while MIR spectroscopy serves as a useful method for confirming its presence.
维生素E是一种必需营养素，但其较差的水溶性限制了其在食品和制药领域的应用。通过诸如包封等改性方法可以提高维生素E的可用性，这种方法将维生素E的物理状态从液体转变为粉末。本研究考察了近红外（NIR）和中红外（MIR）光谱法在识别和预测维生素E包封粉末（VEP）中各种维生素E衍生物方面的功效。MIR分析揭示了维生素E在2700 - 3250 cm范围内的基本C - H振动，而NIR分析提供了在4000 - 9000 cm范围内相应的合频、一级和二级倍频的信息。使用主成分分析对MIR和NIR数据进行分析以表征VEP。应用偏最小二乘法（PLS）回归来预测各个维生素E衍生物的含量。PLS交叉验证表明，NIR分析对于维生素E衍生物的含量提供了更可靠的预测准确性和精密度，预测的决定系数（Q）（0.92 - 0.99）高于MIR分析（0.20 - 0.85）。对于测试集验证，NIR预测显示出较高的准确性，预测偏差比（RPD）和Q表明了这一点。此外，使用NIR数据建立的PLS模型具有统计学上显著的预测性能，RPD较高（1.54 - 3.92），Q也较高（0.66 - 0.94）。因此，NIR光谱法是分析维生素E样品的一种有价值的无损技术，而MIR光谱法是确认其存在的一种有用方法。
