Kuhn Ann, Wang Yan, Deitch Rachel, Zemanick Amy, Dunton Genevieve, Turner Lindsey, Hager Erin R
Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
Department of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Nov 28;21(12):1586. doi: 10.3390/ijerph21121586.
Using Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA), this study examined associations between momentary availability of physical activity (PA) space and accessibility of PA opportunities among 608 elementary and middle school students who were participating in an obesity prevention trial in one mid-Atlantic state in the U.S. Smartphones prompted EMA surveys at random times to assess children's perceived availability of PA space and accessibility of PA opportunities during out-of-school time, three to seven times each day over seven days. Multilevel logistic regression, which accounted for multiple responses per student, examined within- and between-person relations as well as the moderating effects of locale. The participants ( age = 10.88 years) lived in suburban (64%), rural (23%), and urban locales (13%). PA space availability was associated with greater PA opportunity accessibility (within-person OR = 9.82, < 0.001; between-person OR = 22.61, < 0.001). Locale moderated within-person relationships ( < 0.001), indicating that urban students with space were unable to use it or could be active but were without space. These findings advance our knowledge of temporal and environmental aspects related to childhood PA across diverse locales and can be used by policymakers to make informed decisions to ensure the use of age-appropriate, high quality, and safe spaces, particularly for children in urban areas.
本研究采用生态瞬时评估法（EMA），对美国大西洋中部一个州参与肥胖预防试验的608名中小学生进行了调查，以检验体育活动（PA）空间的瞬时可用性与PA机会的可及性之间的关联。智能手机在随机时间推送EMA调查问卷，以评估儿童在课外时间对PA空间的感知可用性和PA机会的可及性，为期七天，每天三到七次。多水平逻辑回归分析考虑了每个学生的多个回答，检验了个体内和个体间的关系以及地点的调节作用。参与者（年龄 = 10.88岁）居住在郊区（64%）、农村（23%）和城市地区（13%）。PA空间可用性与更高的PA机会可及性相关（个体内比值比 = 9.82，< 0.001；个体间比值比 = 22.61，< 0.001）。地点调节了个体内关系（< 0.001），表明有空间的城市学生无法使用该空间，或者虽能活动但没有空间。这些发现增进了我们对不同地区与儿童PA相关的时间和环境方面的认识，政策制定者可据此做出明智决策，以确保使用适合儿童年龄、高质量且安全的空间，特别是城市地区的儿童。
