Butera Andrea, Maiorani Carolina, Rederiene Gitana, Checchi Stefano, Nardi Gianna Maria
Unit of Dental Hygiene, Section of Dentistry, Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
European Dental Hygienists Federation, Groenewoudsedijk 40, 3528 BK Utrecht, The Netherlands.
Bioengineering (Basel). 2024 Nov 21;11(12):1178. doi: 10.3390/bioengineering11121178.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Tooth whitening is a cosmetic dental treatment that improves the color of natural teeth, making them whiter and brighter; this review aimed to evaluate the greater effectiveness of in-office, at-home, and combined bleaching with hydrogen or carbamide peroxide, also in relation to possible relapses and side effects (tooth sensitivity).
A literature search has been carried out through electronic databases, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library, focused on the use of the effectiveness of in-office, at-home, and combined dental bleaching. This review has been registered on PROSPERO (ID613248).
30 articles have been included. Most of the studies did not find any more effective treatment than the proposed treatments; all types of bleaching have been shown to be effective in changing color; in the studies that have compared in-office and at-home bleaching, there was a lower recurrence of treatment with the use of the at-home trays with carbamide peroxide gel. There were no clear positions regarding tooth sensitivity, which would appear to be higher in professional in-office and combined dental bleaching.
Bleaching is an effective treatment for the change of color of the tooth regardless of the type used (concentrations, type of gel, and duration of sessions), although, at home, it would seem to be more effective over time. It is, however, a clinical feature that may give a risk of tooth sensitivity after treatment.
背景/目的：牙齿美白是一种牙科美容治疗方法，可改善天然牙齿的颜色，使其更白更亮；本综述旨在评估诊室美白、家庭美白以及使用过氧化氢或过氧化脲进行联合漂白的相对有效性，同时评估可能出现的复发情况和副作用（牙齿敏感）。
通过电子数据库PubMed/MEDLINE和Cochrane图书馆进行文献检索，重点关注诊室美白、家庭美白及联合牙齿漂白的有效性。本综述已在PROSPERO上注册（ID613248）。
纳入30篇文章。大多数研究未发现比所提议治疗方法更有效的治疗方式；所有类型的漂白均显示在改变牙齿颜色方面有效；在比较诊室美白和家庭美白的研究中，使用含过氧化脲凝胶的家庭托盘进行治疗的复发率较低。关于牙齿敏感问题尚无明确结论，不过在专业的诊室美白和联合牙齿漂白中牙齿敏感似乎更严重。
无论使用何种类型的漂白（浓度、凝胶类型和疗程时长），漂白都是改变牙齿颜色的有效治疗方法，尽管从长期来看家庭美白似乎更有效。然而，这是一种在治疗后可能会导致牙齿敏感风险的临床特征。
