Arsov Alexander, Petrova Penka, Gerginova Maria, Tsigoriyna Lidia, Armenova Nadya, Ignatova Ina, Petrov Kaloyan
Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Institute of Chemical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Dec 12;25(24):13336. doi: 10.3390/ijms252413336.
The unique fuel characteristics of butanol and the possibility of its microbial production make it one of the most desirable environmentally friendly substitutes for petroleum fuels. However, the highly toxic nature of 1-butanol to the bacterial strains makes it unprofitable for commercial production. By comparison, 2-butanol has similar fuel qualities, and despite the difficulties in its microbial synthesis, it holds promise because it may be less toxic. This paper is the first comprehensive study to compare bacterial tolerance to different butanol isomers by examining the growth of 31 bacterial strains under 1-butanol and 2-butanol stress conditions. The presented results reveal that all tested strains showed a higher tolerance to 2-butanol than to 1-butanol at each solvent concentration (1%, 2%, and 3% /). Moreover, with an increased solvent concentration, bacterial cells lost their resistance to 1-butanol more rapidly than to 2-butanol. A comparison of the transcriptome profiles of the reference strains ATCC 168 and ATCC 25922 disclosed a specific response to butanol stress. Most notably, in the presence of 2-butanol ATCC 25922 showed a reduced expression of genes for chaperones, efflux pumps, and the flagellar apparatus, as well as an enhancement of membrane and electron transport. , with 2-butanol, did not perform emergency sporulation or escape, as some global transcriptional stress response regulators were downregulated. The overexpression of ribosomal RNAs, pyrimidine biosynthesis genes, and DNA- and RNA-binding proteins such as and was crucial in the response.
丁醇独特的燃料特性及其微生物生产的可能性使其成为石油燃料最理想的环境友好型替代品之一。然而，1-丁醇对细菌菌株具有高毒性，这使得其商业生产无利可图。相比之下，2-丁醇具有相似的燃料品质，尽管其微生物合成存在困难，但因其毒性可能较小而具有前景。本文是第一项通过检测31株细菌菌株在1-丁醇和2-丁醇胁迫条件下的生长情况来比较细菌对不同丁醇异构体耐受性的综合研究。结果表明，在每种溶剂浓度（1%、2%和3%）下，所有测试菌株对2-丁醇的耐受性均高于对1-丁醇的耐受性。此外，随着溶剂浓度的增加，细菌细胞对1-丁醇的抗性丧失速度比2-丁醇更快。对参考菌株ATCC 168和ATCC 25922的转录组图谱比较揭示了对丁醇胁迫的特异性反应。最值得注意的是，在2-丁醇存在的情况下，ATCC 25922显示伴侣蛋白、外排泵和鞭毛装置相关基因的表达降低，以及膜和电子传递增强。由于一些全局转录应激反应调节因子下调，2-丁醇存在时，细胞未进行应急孢子形成或逃避。核糖体RNA、嘧啶生物合成基因以及诸如和等DNA和RNA结合蛋白的过表达在该反应中至关重要。
