Tabakam Gaétan Tchangou, Njoya Emmanuel Mfotie, Chukwuma Chika Ifeanyi, Mashele Samson Sitheni, Nguekeu Yves Martial Mba, Tene Mathieu, Awouafack Maurice Ducret, Makhafola Tshepiso Jan
Centre for Quality of Health and Living, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa.
Natural Products Chemistry Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang P.O. Box 67, Cameroon.
Molecules. 2024 Dec 13;29(24):5885. doi: 10.3390/molecules29245885.
Inflammation is a natural body's defense mechanism against harmful stimuli such as pathogens, chemicals, or irradiation. But when the inflammatory response becomes permanent, it can lead to serious health problems. In the present study, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials of the methanolic extract (EMME), as well as its isolated fractions (FA-FJ) and compounds (-), were evaluated by using in vitro and cellular models. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined using, respectively, Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride colorimetric methods, while 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), 2,2'-diphenyl-1-picrylhy-drazyl (DPPH), and ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were used to determine the antioxidant activity. Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and column chromatography (CC) were used to isolate and purify the compounds and their elucidation using their NMR spectroscopic data. had moderate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, while fraction FF showed much higher efficacy with IC values of 34.64, 30.60, 16.43, and 77.29 μg/mL against DPPH, ABTS, NO, and 15-LOX inhibitory activities, respectively. The fraction was found to be very rich in flavonoids and phenolic compounds, with 82.11 mgQE/g and 86.77 mgGAE/g of dry extract, respectively. Its LC-MS profiling allowed us to identify genistin () as the most concentrated constituent in this plant species, which was further isolated together with six other known compounds, namely, -hexadecane (), heptacosanoic acid (), tricosan-1-ol (), lupinalbin A (), d-pinitol (), and stigmasterol glucoside (). Given these compounds, genistin () showed moderate activity against reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NO production in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells compared to EMME, which suggested a synergy of () with other compounds. To the best of our knowledge, compounds (), (), and () were isolated for the first time from this plant species.
炎症是人体针对病原体、化学物质或辐射等有害刺激的一种天然防御机制。但当炎症反应持续存在时，可能会导致严重的健康问题。在本研究中，通过体外和细胞模型评估了甲醇提取物（EMME）及其分离组分（FA - FJ）和化合物（ - ）的抗氧化和抗炎潜力。分别采用福林 - 西奥尔特试剂法和氯化铝比色法测定总酚和黄酮含量，同时使用2,2'-联氮双（3 - 乙基苯并噻唑啉 - 6 - 磺酸）（ABTS）、2,2'-二苯基 - 1 - 苦基肼（DPPH）和铁离子还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）来测定抗氧化活性。采用薄层色谱（TLC）和柱色谱（CC）分离和纯化化合物，并利用其核磁共振光谱数据进行结构解析。 具有中等的抗氧化和抗炎活性，而组分FF表现出更高的功效，对DPPH、ABTS、NO和15 - 脂氧合酶抑制活性的IC值分别为34.64、30.60、16.43和77.29μg/mL。发现该组分富含黄酮类和酚类化合物，干提取物中分别含有82.11mg QE/g和86.77mg GAE/g。其液相色谱 - 质谱分析使我们能够鉴定出染料木苷（ ）是该植物物种中含量最高的成分，它与其他六种已知化合物一起被进一步分离出来，即 - 十六烷（ ）、二十七烷酸（ ）、二十三烷 - 1 - 醇（ ）、羽扇豆素A（ ）、d - 松醇（ ）和豆甾醇葡萄糖苷（ ）。鉴于这些化合物，与EMME相比，染料木苷（ ）在脂多糖刺激的RAW264.7细胞中对活性氧（ROS）和NO的产生表现出中等活性，这表明（ ）与其他化合物具有协同作用。据我们所知，化合物（ ）、（ ）和（ ）是首次从该植物物种中分离出来的。
