饮食补充叶黄素、玉米黄质和接骨木果对干眼症（DED）和免疫的影响：一项随机对照试验。

Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Lutein, Zeaxanthin, and Elderberries on Dry Eye Disease (DED) and Immunity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

作者信息

Goh Kok Ming, Tan Eugenie Sin Sing, Lim Crystale Siew Ying, Tan Pui Yee, Biswas Sayantan, Lew Li Ann, Tan Chung Keat

机构信息

New Product Development Department, Ecolite Biotech Manufacturing, Yong Peng 83400, Malaysia.

Product Development Department, Xmegami Manufacturing, Puchong 47170, Malaysia.

出版信息

Nutrients. 2024 Dec 18;16(24):4366. doi: 10.3390/nu16244366.

DOI:10.3390/nu16244366

PMID:39770987

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11679324/

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Dry eye disease (DED) significantly impairs quality of life, affecting physical, social, and psychological well-being, as well as reducing workplace productivity. While lutein and zeaxanthin supplements have been shown to improve ocular health, existing research often overlooks the efficacy of lower dosages and shorter durations of supplementation. This study investigated the effects of combined supplementation with lutein, zeaxanthin, and elderberries in 110 voluntary participants through a randomized controlled trial.

METHODS

Participants took 6 mg of lutein and 1 mg of zeaxanthin, along with 100 mg elderberry extract once daily for a duration of 20 days. Ocular health was assessed using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), while immune status was evaluated with the Immune Status Questionnaire (ISQ).

RESULTS

Results showed that combined supplementation significantly ( < 0.05) reduced the OSDI scores in the intervention group from 38.15 ± 11.14 to 18.26 ± 5.57, reflecting a 52.2% reduction. A similar trend was observed with the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), indicating significant ( < 0.05) improvement from 5.31 ± 1.62 to 6.73 ± 1.74, equivalent to a 26.7% improvement. Although the intervention group showed a 15.9% improvement in ISQ scores by the study's end, this was not significantly different from the placebo group, suggesting that higher dosages or longer durations may be needed to observe a meaningful effect. Additionally, findings from the Food Frequency Questionnaire revealed that the average dietary intake of lutein and zeaxanthin among participants was only 663.49 µg, equating to just 5.5% of the suggested optimal daily intake. This low consumption is concerning, as it is inversely correlated with the risk of ocular diseases.

CONCLUSIONS

Collectively, these findings support the use of combined supplementation as an adjuvant approach to improving ocular health.

摘要

背景/目的：干眼症（DED）严重损害生活质量，影响身体、社交和心理健康，并降低工作效率。虽然叶黄素和玉米黄质补充剂已被证明可改善眼部健康，但现有研究往往忽视较低剂量和较短补充时间的疗效。本研究通过随机对照试验，调查了110名自愿参与者联合补充叶黄素、玉米黄质和接骨木果的效果。

方法

参与者每天服用6毫克叶黄素、1毫克玉米黄质以及100毫克接骨木果提取物，持续20天。使用眼表疾病指数（OSDI）评估眼部健康，同时用免疫状态问卷（ISQ）评估免疫状态。

结果

结果显示，联合补充剂显著（P<0.05）降低了干预组的OSDI评分，从38.15±11.14降至18.26±5.57，降幅达52.2%。视觉模拟量表（VAS）也观察到类似趋势，显示出显著（P<0.05）改善，从5.31±1.62提高到6.73±1.74，相当于改善了26.7%。尽管到研究结束时，干预组的ISQ评分提高了15.9%，但与安慰剂组相比无显著差异，这表明可能需要更高剂量或更长时间才能观察到有意义的效果。此外，食物频率问卷的结果显示，参与者中叶黄素和玉米黄质的平均饮食摄入量仅为663.49微克，仅相当于建议的每日最佳摄入量的5.5%。这种低摄入量令人担忧，因为它与眼部疾病风险呈负相关。