Simić Siniša, Vidović Senka, Jokić Stela, Milić Nataša, Aladić Krunoslav, Maksimović Zoran, Drljača Lero Jovana, Gavarić Aleksandra
Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Dec 10;13(24):3457. doi: 10.3390/plants13243457.
Since ancient times, many plant species within the genus have been used due to their numerous health benefits, such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, or diuretic activity. While many of the species within this genus were well known and described, All. or Pannonian thyme remains relatively unexplored despite its unique chemical composition and activity. is a small shrub, spread over central and eastern Europe, with a diverse, location-dependent chemical composition. Within this study, the citral chemotype of was used, which up to our knowledge was found and described only in Northern Serbia. Therefore, in order to explore the composition of low-polar extracts and to present a preliminary insight into their bioactivity, supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO) extraction was applied (with and without pre-treatments), followed by GC-MS analysis. Different ScCO extraction pressures were tested (100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 bar) in order to determine the most suitable conditions for the extraction of 's low-polar fraction. Additionally, in order to maximize the yield of the extraction, two types of ScCO extraction pre-treatments were investigated (enzymatic and microwave). The highest extraction yield obtained from untreated plant material was 3.01% (/), and it was obtained at conditions of 150 bar and 40 °C, while the 4% (/) enzymatic pre-treatment, with the same conditions, provided a yield of 3.89%. For all of the obtained extracts, the GC-MS analysis showed that oxygenated monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were the two most dominant groups with principal bioactive compounds such as (E)-citral (18.95-38.17%), (Z)-citral (6.68-14.66%), β-bisabolene (8.2-14.4%), and nerol (6.08-9.67%). The extracts that exhibited the highest concentration of principal bioactive compounds ((Z)-citral, and (E)-citral) were further analyzed for anticancer potential, using short- and long-term cell viability observations on liver cancer cells.
自古以来,该属中的许多植物物种因其众多健康益处而被使用,如抗菌、抗炎、防腐或利尿活性。虽然该属中的许多物种广为人知且有描述,但尽管其具有独特的化学成分和活性,全缘百里香或潘诺尼亚百里香仍相对未被充分研究。它是一种小灌木,分布于中欧和东欧,其化学成分因地理位置而异。在本研究中,使用了全缘百里香的柠檬醛化学型,据我们所知,该化学型仅在塞尔维亚北部被发现和描述。因此,为了探索全缘百里香低极性提取物的成分并初步了解其生物活性,采用了超临界二氧化碳(ScCO₂)萃取(有预处理和无预处理),随后进行气相色谱 - 质谱联用(GC - MS)分析。测试了不同的ScCO₂萃取压力(100、150、200、250和300巴),以确定萃取全缘百里香低极性部分的最合适条件。此外,为了使萃取产率最大化,研究了两种ScCO₂萃取预处理方法(酶法和微波法)。从未经处理的植物材料中获得的最高萃取产率为3.01%(/),是在150巴和40℃的条件下获得的,而在相同条件下,4%(/)的酶预处理产率为3.89%。对于所有获得的提取物,GC - MS分析表明,氧化单萜和倍半萜是两个最主要的类别,主要生物活性化合物如(E)-柠檬醛(18.95 - 38.17%)、(Z)-柠檬醛(6.68 - 14.66%)、β-红没药烯(8.2 - 14.4%)和橙花醇(6.08 - 9.67%)。对表现出最高浓度主要生物活性化合物((Z)-柠檬醛和(E)-柠檬醛)的提取物,利用对肝癌细胞的短期和长期细胞活力观察进一步分析其抗癌潜力。