Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.
Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, Poland.
Molecules. 2021 Jan 21;26(3):545. doi: 10.3390/molecules26030545.
Renewable feedstock from perennial industrial crops, including those cultivated on marginal land in a short-rotation coppice system, could be an important contribution to the bioeconomy. The majority of data available on the topic are limited to the production of bioenergy from this type of biomass. According to the concept of bioeconomy, biomass-based bioproducts have priority over energy production. This paper characterizes the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of extracts from bark (b), wood (w) or a mixture of bark and wood (b + w) from , and obtained using supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO), scCO and water (1%, ) or only water. Generally, a high concentration of polyphenols was obtained after extraction with scCO and water, while the lowest concentration was found in extracts obtained with scCO. The highest concentration of polyphenols ( < 0.05) was obtained in an extract from (b) (502.62 ± 9.86 mg GAE/g dry matter (d.m.)) after extraction with scCO and water, whereas the lowest polyphenol concentration was observed in an scCO extract from (b) (6.02 ± 0.13 mg GAE/g d.m.). The flavonoids were effectively separated by extraction with scCO (0.88-18.37 mg QE/g d.m.). A positive linear relationship between the antioxidant activity determined by DPPH and ABTS assays and the concentration of polyphenols was demonstrated, R = 0.8377 and R = 0.9568, respectively. It is most probable that the concentration of flavonoids, rather than the concentration of polyphenols, determines the chelating activity of Fe. The Fe-chelating activity of scCO extracts ranged from 75.11% (EC = 5.41 mg/cm, , b + w) to 99.43% (EC = 0.85 mg/cm, , b + w). The lowest chelating activity was demonstrated by the extracts obtained with scCO and water (maximum 26.36%, , b + w). In extracts obtained with scCO and water, -hydroxybenzoic acid (210-428 µg/g), -coumaric acid (56-281 µg/g), saligenin (142-300 µg/g) and salicortin (16-164 µg/g) were the dominant polyphenols. All of these chemical compounds occurred mainly in the free form. The , and biomass proved to be an attractive source of biologically active compounds for various possible applications in food, drugs or cosmetics. These compounds could be extracted using an environmentally friendly method with scCO and water as a co-solvent.
从多年生工业作物（包括在短轮伐期萌生林中种植的作物）中获取可再生原料，可能是对生物经济的一个重要贡献。目前有关这一主题的大多数数据仅限于利用此类生物质生产生物能源。根据生物经济的概念，生物基生物制品优先于能源生产。本文通过超临界二氧化碳（scCO）、scCO 和水（1%，v/v）或仅用水提取的树皮（b）、木材（w）或树皮和木材混合物（b+w）中 、 、 ，对提取物的化学组成和抗氧化活性进行了表征。通常，scCO 和水提取后，多酚浓度较高，而 scCO 提取后浓度最低。scCO 和水提取的 （b）提取物中多酚浓度最高（<0.05）（502.62±9.86mgGAEg干物质（d.m.）），而 scCO 提取的 （b）提取物中多酚浓度最低（6.02±0.13mgGAEg d.m.）。黄酮类化合物可以通过 scCO 提取有效地分离（0.88-18.37mgQEgd.m.）。通过 DPPH 和 ABTS 测定的抗氧化活性与多酚浓度之间存在正线性关系，R=0.8377 和 R=0.9568。很可能是黄酮类化合物的浓度而不是多酚的浓度决定了 Fe 的螯合活性。scCO 提取物的 Fe 螯合活性范围为 75.11%（EC=5.41mg/cm，，b+w）至 99.43%（EC=0.85mg/cm，，b+w）。scCO 和水提取的提取物的螯合活性最低（最大 26.36%，，b+w）。scCO 和水提取的提取物中，-羟基苯甲酸（210-428μg/g）、-香豆酸（56-281μg/g）、水杨苷（142-300μg/g）和水杨苷（16-164μg/g）是主要的多酚类化合物。所有这些化学物质主要以游离形式存在。证明 、 、 生物质是一种有吸引力的生物活性化合物来源，可用于食品、药物或化妆品等多种可能的应用。这些化合物可以使用一种环保的方法提取，即使用 scCO 和水作为共溶剂。
