Polić Pasković Marija, Herak Ćustić Mirjana, Lukić Igor, Marcelić Šime, Žurga Paula, Vidović Nikolina, Major Nikola, Goreta Ban Smiljana, Pecina Marija, Ražov Josip, Likar Matevž, Pongrac Paula, Pasković Igor
Department of Agriculture and Nutrition, Institute of Agriculture and Tourism, Karla Huguesa 8, 52440 Poreč, Croatia.
Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Dec 16;13(24):3514. doi: 10.3390/plants13243514.
Studies on selenium (Se) and silicon (Si) foliar biostimulation of different plants have been shown to affect concentrations of phenolic compounds. However, their effects on olive ( L.) primary and secondary metabolites have not been fully investigated. Therefore, the effects of foliar sprayed Si and Se and their combination on the concentration of phenols, selected metabolites involved in the phenol biosynthesis, and mineral elements concentrations were determined in olive leaves of the field-grown cultivar Leccino. During the summer period, leaves were foliar sprayed three times, after which were sampled 30 days after the corresponding application. In general, foliar treatment of Si or Se increased the concentrations of several predominant phenolic compounds, such as oleuropein, oleacein, and specific flavonoids. The effects were especially pronounced after the third application in the harvest time sampling time. Amino acids and other phenol precursors were also significantly affected. The effects were phenol-specific and depended on the treatment, sampling time, and treatment × sampling time interaction. The response of verbascoside to the applied treatments appeared to be closely linked to corresponding changes in its amino acid precursors, such as tyrosine, while its connection with tryptophan and IAA has to be cautiously considered. In contrast, for other phenolic compounds like secoiridoids, a clear interdependence with their precursors was not identified, likely due to the more complex nature of their biosynthesis. The effects on the concentrations of elements other than Se and Si were milder.
关于硒（Se）和硅（Si）对不同植物进行叶面生物刺激的研究表明，其会影响酚类化合物的浓度。然而，它们对油橄榄（Olea europaea L.）初级和次级代谢产物的影响尚未得到充分研究。因此，在田间种植的莱基诺（Leccino）品种油橄榄叶片中，测定了叶面喷施Si和Se及其组合对酚类物质浓度、参与酚类生物合成的特定代谢产物以及矿质元素浓度的影响。在夏季期间，对叶片进行了三次叶面喷施，之后在相应喷施后30天进行采样。总体而言，叶面喷施Si或Se会增加几种主要酚类化合物的浓度，如橄榄苦苷、油橄榄素和特定的黄酮类化合物。在收获期采样时第三次喷施后，效果尤为明显。氨基酸和其他酚类前体也受到显著影响。这些影响具有酚类特异性，并且取决于处理方式、采样时间以及处理×采样时间的交互作用。毛蕊花糖苷对所施处理的反应似乎与其氨基酸前体（如酪氨酸）的相应变化密切相关，而其与色氨酸和吲哚-3-乙酸的关系则需要谨慎考虑。相比之下，对于其他酚类化合物，如裂环烯醚萜类，未发现其与前体之间存在明显的相互依存关系，这可能是由于其生物合成性质更为复杂所致。对除Se和Si之外的元素浓度的影响较为轻微。
