College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, 210023, China.
BMC Plant Biol. 2024 Jun 3;24(1):489. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-05096-3.
The Fructus Ligustri Lucidi, the fruit of Ligustrum lucidum, contains a variety of bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, triterpenoids, and secoiridoids. The proportions of these compounds vary greatly during the different fruit development periods of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi. However, a clear understanding of how the proportions of the compounds and their regulatory biosynthetic mechanisms change across the different fruit development periods of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi is still lacking.
In this study, metabolite profiling and transcriptome analysis of six fruit development periods (45 DAF, 75 DAF, 112 DAF, 135 DAF, 170 DAF, and 195 DAF) were performed. Seventy compounds were tentatively identified, of which secoiridoids were the most abundant. Eleven identified compounds were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. A total of 103,058 unigenes were obtained from six periods of Fructus Ligustri Lucidi. Furthermore, candidate genes involved in triterpenoids, phenylethanols, and oleoside-type secoiridoid biosynthesis were identified and analyzed. The in vitro enzyme activities of nine glycosyltransferases involved in salidroside biosynthesis revealed that they can catalyze trysol and hydroxytyrosol to salidroside and hydroxylsalidroside.
These results provide valuable information to clarify the profile and molecular regulatory mechanisms of metabolite biosynthesis, and also in optimizing the harvest time of this fruit.
女贞子为木樨科植物女贞 Ligustrum lucidum 的果实，含有多种生物活性成分，如类黄酮、三萜和裂环环烯醚萜。这些化合物的比例在女贞子不同的果实发育期有很大差异。然而，对于化合物的比例及其调节生物合成机制如何在女贞子不同的果实发育期发生变化，目前还缺乏清晰的认识。
本研究对六个果实发育期（45 DAF、75 DAF、112 DAF、135 DAF、170 DAF 和 195 DAF）进行了代谢物谱和转录组分析。共鉴定出 70 种化合物，其中裂环环烯醚萜类化合物最为丰富。通过高效液相色谱法对 11 种鉴定出的化合物进行了定量分析。从六个时期的女贞子中共获得了 103058 个 unigenes。此外，还鉴定和分析了参与三萜、苯乙醇和齐墩果酸型裂环环烯醚萜生物合成的候选基因。体外酶活性实验表明，涉及到红景天苷生物合成的 9 种糖基转移酶可以催化酪醇和羟基酪醇生成红景天苷和羟基红景天苷。
这些结果提供了有价值的信息，有助于阐明代谢物生物合成的特征和分子调控机制，并优化该果实的收获时间。
