Bashir Saqib, Qayyum Muhammad Abdul, Husain Arif, Bakhsh Ali, Ahmed Niaz, Hussain Muhammad Baqir, Elshikh Mohamed Soliman, Alwahibi Mona S, Almunqedhi Bandar M A, Hussain Riaz, Wang Yong-Feng, Zhou Yi, Diao Zeng-Hui
Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan.
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Ghazi University, Pakistan.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2021 Apr;28(4):2453-2459. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.01.045. Epub 2021 Feb 2.
Cadmium contamination in croplands is recognized one of the major threat, seriously affecting soil health and sustainable agriculture around the globe. Cd mobility in wastewater irrigated soils can be curtailed through eco-friendly and cost effective organic soil amendments (biochars) that eventually minimizes its translocation from soil to plant. This study explored the possible effects of various types of plants straw biochar as soil amendments on cadmium (Cd) phytoavailability in wastewater degraded soil and its subsequent accumulation in sunflower tissues. The studied biochars including rice straw (RS), wheat straw (WS), acacia (AC) and sugarcane bagasse (SB) to wastewater irrigated soil containing Cd. Sunflower plant was grown as a test plant and Cd accumulation was recorded in its tissues, antioxidant enzymatic activity chlorophyll contents, plant biomass, yield and soil properties (pH, NPK, OM and Soluble Cd) were also examined. Results revealed that addition of biochar significantly minimized Cd mobility in soil by 53.4%, 44%, 41% and 36% when RS, WS, AC and SB were added at 2% over control. Comparing the control soil, biochar amended soil effectively reduced Cd uptake via plants shoots by 71.7%, 60.6%, 59% and 36.6%, when RS, WS, AC and SB. Among all the biochar, rice husk induced biochar significantly reduced oxidative stress and reduced SOD, POD and CAT activity by 49%, 40.5% and 46.5% respectively over control. In addition, NPK were significantly increased among all the added biochars in soil-plant system as well as improved chlorophyll contents relative to non-bioachar amended soil. Thus, among all the amendments, rice husk and wheat straw biochar performed well and might be considered the suitable approach for sunflower growth in polluted soil.
农田中的镉污染被认为是主要威胁之一，严重影响全球土壤健康和可持续农业。通过生态友好且经济高效的有机土壤改良剂（生物炭）可以减少废水灌溉土壤中镉的迁移性，最终将其从土壤向植物的转移降至最低。本研究探讨了各种植物秸秆生物炭作为土壤改良剂对废水污染土壤中镉的植物有效性及其随后在向日葵组织中的积累的可能影响。所研究的生物炭包括稻草（RS）、小麦秸秆（WS）、相思树（AC）和甘蔗渣（SB），将其添加到含镉的废水灌溉土壤中。种植向日葵作为试验植物，并记录其组织中的镉积累情况，还检测了抗氧化酶活性、叶绿素含量、植物生物量、产量以及土壤性质（pH值、氮磷钾、有机质和可溶性镉）。结果表明，当RS、WS、AC和SB以2%的添加量添加时，相对于对照，生物炭的添加显著降低了土壤中镉的迁移性，分别降低了53.4%、44%、41%和36%。与对照土壤相比，当添加RS、WS、AC和SB时，生物炭改良土壤有效降低了植物地上部对镉的吸收，分别降低了71.7%、60.6%、59%和36.6%。在所有生物炭中，稻壳诱导生物炭相对于对照显著降低了氧化应激，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性分别降低了49%、40.5%和46.5%。此外，相对于未添加生物炭的土壤，在土壤 - 植物系统中添加的所有生物炭均显著提高了氮磷钾含量，并改善了叶绿素含量。因此，在所有改良剂中，稻壳和小麦秸秆生物炭表现良好，可能被认为是污染土壤中向日葵生长的合适方法。
