Wolfram G, Kirchgessner M, Müller H L, Hollomey S
Ann Nutr Metab. 1985;29(1):23-32. doi: 10.1159/000176950.
The effects of two diets equal in protein content (12% of energy) but different in carbohydrates (80% of energy) or in fat (68% of energy) were studied in a changeover trial with 6 healthy young subjects. Each person was 2 weeks on each diet. Under the conditions of slight undernutrition and neutral temperature the balances of nitrogen, carbon and energy were assessed in 7-day collection periods, and according to 48-hour measurements of gaseous exchange (carbon-nitrogen balance method) by the procedures of indirect calorimetry. At isocaloric supply of metabolizable energy no differences were found in the retention of N, C and energy. The heat production calculated by indirect calorimetry was not significantly different with both diets. The lower body weight during the high-fat diet was due to higher sodium and water excretion. The high-fat diet resulted in lower fecal and higher urine excretion of nitrogen, but because of a compensative response no difference in nitrogen retention was observed between the two dietary regimens. The plasma concentrations of cholesterol, glucose and uric acid were higher with fat-rich diet; those of triglycerides were higher with carbohydrate-rich diet. The results demonstrate that the composition of the diet did not influence the energy balance.
在一项针对6名健康年轻受试者的转换试验中，研究了两种蛋白质含量相同（占能量的12%）但碳水化合物含量不同（占能量的80%）或脂肪含量不同（占能量的68%）的饮食的影响。每个人每种饮食持续2周。在轻度营养不良和中性温度条件下，在7天的收集期内评估氮、碳和能量平衡，并根据间接测热法的程序通过48小时气体交换测量（碳氮平衡法）进行评估。在可代谢能量等热量供应的情况下，氮、碳和能量的保留没有差异。通过间接测热法计算的产热在两种饮食之间没有显著差异。高脂肪饮食期间体重较低是由于钠和水排泄增加。高脂肪饮食导致粪便中氮排泄减少而尿液中氮排泄增加，但由于一种补偿性反应，两种饮食方案之间在氮保留方面没有观察到差异。富含脂肪的饮食使血浆胆固醇、葡萄糖和尿酸浓度升高；富含碳水化合物的饮食使甘油三酯浓度升高。结果表明，饮食组成不影响能量平衡。
