Yakob Tagese, Yakob Begidu, Jaldo Mesfin Menza, Dawit Desalegn, Elias Chernet, Israel Eskinder, Abraham Awoke
School of Public Health, College of Health Science and Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Sodo, Ethiopia.
Division of Nutrition, Maternal and Child Health Unit, Wolaita Zone Health Department, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2024 Dec 24;11:1450263. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1450263. eCollection 2024.
More than 23 million deaths and 36.5% of disability-adjusted life-years are the result of the direct effects of unhealthy behavior alone. Daily behaviors have strong implications for health outcomes and quality of life. The aim of this study is to determine the behavioral and biomedical factors associated with lifestyle modification practices among diagnosed hypertensive patients in pastoral health facilities of southern Ethiopia.
A facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 453 diagnosed hypertensive adult patients in pastoral health of southern Ethiopia from June 1/2023 to July 30/2023. The study population was randomly selected from among patients diagnosed with hypertension that was followed up during the study period using a systematic random sampling technique. The data were entered into Epi-Data-4.6.0.2 and exported to SATAT version 14 for analysis. A binary logistic regression model was fitted to determine independent predictors of lifestyle modification practices among hypertensive patients. An adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was used to declare a state of significance.
Out of 453 potential participants approached, 433 agreed to successfully participate in the study, for a response rate of 95.6%. Of the total participants, 56.1% (95% CI, 51.38-60.74) of the patients practiced the recommended lifestyle modifications. Alcohol consumption (AOR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.42-0.96), ever-practiced reducing salt intake (AOR = 2.48, 95% CI: 1.57-3.93), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels in the blood (>160 mg/dl) (AOR = 3.3, 95% CI: 1.72-6.34) were independently associated with lifestyle modifications in patients with hypertension.
This study revealed that the prevalence of lifestyle modification practices (LMP) was low among hypertensive patients. Lifestyle modification is not one-stop practical, but continuous proper awareness creation, counseling, and health education and health promotion are needed to scale up healthy behavior in patients with hypertension to create a good lifestyle.
仅不健康行为的直接影响就导致超过2300万人死亡，以及36.5%的伤残调整生命年。日常行为对健康结果和生活质量有重大影响。本研究的目的是确定埃塞俄比亚南部牧区卫生设施中确诊高血压患者与生活方式改变实践相关的行为和生物医学因素。
2023年6月1日至2023年7月30日，在埃塞俄比亚南部牧区卫生机构对453名确诊的成年高血压患者进行了一项基于机构的横断面研究。研究人群是从在研究期间接受随访的高血压患者中使用系统随机抽样技术随机选取的。数据录入Epi-Data-4.6.0.2，并导出到SATAT 14版本进行分析。采用二元逻辑回归模型确定高血压患者生活方式改变实践的独立预测因素。使用调整后的比值比和95%置信区间来判定显著性状态。
在453名被邀请的潜在参与者中，433人同意成功参与研究，应答率为95.6%。在所有参与者中，56.1%（95%置信区间，51.38 - 60.74）的患者进行了推荐的生活方式改变。饮酒（调整后的比值比=0.64，95%置信区间：0.42 - 0.96）、曾实践过减少盐摄入量（调整后的比值比=2.48，95%置信区间：1.57 - 3.93）以及血液中低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平（>160mg/dl）（调整后的比值比=3.3，95%置信区间：1.72 - 6.34）与高血压患者的生活方式改变独立相关。
本研究表明高血压患者中生活方式改变实践（LMP）的患病率较低。生活方式改变并非一蹴而就，而是需要持续进行适当的意识培养、咨询以及健康教育和健康促进，以扩大高血压患者的健康行为，从而形成良好的生活方式。
