Nhung Pham Thi Tuyet, Le Hang Thi Thu, Nguyen Quang Huy, Huyen Dao Thi, Quyen Dong Van, Song Le Huu, Van Thuan Tran, Tran Tam Thi Thanh
Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
108 Military Central Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Front Microbiol. 2024 Dec 24;15:1388740. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1388740. eCollection 2024.
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is among the top three causes of global cancer mortality. In Vietnam, CRC is the third leading cause of death in women and the fourth cause of cancer mortality in men. A large number of metagenomic studies have reported the relationship between altered composition and function of the gut microbiota with CRC, but this relationship in low- and middle-income countries including Vietnam (with an estimated population of 100.3 million people in 2023, ranking 16th largest country by population in the world) is not well-explored.
We collected clinical data and fecal samples from 43 CRC patients and 44 healthy control subjects. The total community DNA of microorganisms was extracted from the fecal samples and analyzed for microbiota composition using Illumina MiSeq amplicon sequencing targeting the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene.
We identified a significant difference in the overall fecal microbiota composition between CRC patients and healthy controls, and we detected several CRC-associated microbial signatures in fecal samples of Vietnamese patients with CRC, which overlapped with signatures from other countries and meta-analyses. Although patients with ( = 8) and without ( = 35) type 2 diabetes (T2D) exhibited distinct gut microbiota composition compared to healthy controls, increased relative abundances of putatively pathogenic species including , and were consistent biomarkers for CRC. In contrast, several health-associated species were significantly depleted in CRC patients such as and in CRC/non-T2D patients, pecies, , and in CRC/T2D patients, and in both CRC groups combined.
Our findings confirm alterations in gut microbiota composition in CRC in a pilot Vietnamese cohort and highlight several gut microbial taxa that may have inhibitory or driver roles in CRC. This and future studies will enable the development of cancer diagnostics and treatment strategies for CRC in Vietnam, with a focus on targeting the microbiota.
结直肠癌（CRC）是全球癌症死亡的三大主要原因之一。在越南，CRC是女性死亡的第三大主要原因，是男性癌症死亡的第四大原因。大量宏基因组学研究报告了肠道微生物群组成和功能改变与CRC之间的关系，但在包括越南在内的低收入和中等收入国家（2023年估计人口为1.003亿，是世界上人口第16多的国家），这种关系尚未得到充分探索。
我们收集了43例CRC患者和44例健康对照者的临床数据和粪便样本。从粪便样本中提取微生物的总群落DNA，并使用针对16S rRNA基因V3-V4区域的Illumina MiSeq扩增子测序分析微生物群组成。
我们发现CRC患者和健康对照者的粪便微生物群总体组成存在显著差异，并且在越南CRC患者的粪便样本中检测到了几种与CRC相关的微生物特征，这些特征与其他国家和荟萃分析的特征重叠。尽管患有（n = 8）和未患有（n = 35）2型糖尿病（T2D）的患者与健康对照者相比表现出不同的肠道微生物群组成，但包括[具体物种1]、[具体物种2]和[具体物种3]在内的假定致病物种相对丰度增加是CRC的一致生物标志物。相比之下，一些与健康相关的物种在CRC患者中显著减少，例如CRC/非T2D患者中的[具体物种4]和[具体物种5]，CRC/T2D患者中的[具体物种6]、[具体物种7]和[具体物种8]，以及两个CRC组合并后的[具体物种9]。
我们的研究结果证实了越南一个试点队列中CRC患者肠道微生物群组成的改变，并突出了几种可能在CRC中具有抑制或驱动作用的肠道微生物分类群。这项研究以及未来的研究将有助于为越南的CRC开发癌症诊断和治疗策略，重点是针对微生物群。
