Cegolon Luca, Larese Filon Francesca
Department of Medical, Surgical & Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
Public Health Department, University Health Agency Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI), Trieste, Italy.
Contact Dermatitis. 2025 Jun;92(6):460-468. doi: 10.1111/cod.14730. Epub 2025 Jan 8.
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) induced by topical application of neomycin is frequently reported.
This multi-center study investigated prevalence and determinants of neomycin sensitisations in 30 629 outpatients from North-eastern Italy during 1997-2021.
European baseline and extended Triveneto series were applied on the upper back of patients patch testing for suspected ACD and removed after 48 h.
Prevalence of neomycin sensitisation was 2.29% (=701/30 629), significantly decreasing over time, especially after 2003. Neomycin sensitisation increased with age, especially in female patients older than 60 with leg dermatitis. The majority of patients sensitised to neomycin (74.5%) tested positive also against other haptens, particularly ingredients included in creams and emollients, as lanolin or benzocaine or preservatives as thimerosal or parabens.
The decreasing prevalence of neomycin sensitisation over time likely reflected reduced accessibility and circulation of neomycin in Italy, due to containment of prescriptions and over-the-counter accessibility. Older individuals are typically more likely to be treated by topical medications and antibiotics as neomycin for various conditions, including stasis dermatitis. Since ACD caused by topical medications is relatively easy to miss, comprehensive drug history and patch testing are essential for any patient with suspected sensitisation caused by neomycin.
局部应用新霉素引起的过敏性接触性皮炎（ACD）屡有报道。
这项多中心研究调查了1997年至2021年期间意大利东北部30629名门诊患者中新霉素致敏的患病率及决定因素。
将欧洲基线和扩展的的里雅斯特系列贴片应用于疑似ACD患者的上背部进行斑贴试验，48小时后移除。
新霉素致敏的患病率为2.29%（=701/30629），随时间显著下降，尤其是在2003年之后。新霉素致敏率随年龄增加，尤其是60岁以上患有腿部皮炎的女性患者。大多数对新霉素致敏的患者（74.5%）对其他半抗原检测也呈阳性，特别是乳膏和润肤剂中的成分，如羊毛脂或苯佐卡因，或硫柳汞或对羟基苯甲酸酯等防腐剂。
新霉素致敏患病率随时间下降可能反映了意大利新霉素的可及性和流通性降低，这是由于处方管控和非处方可及性受限。老年人通常更有可能因包括淤积性皮炎在内的各种病症而接受新霉素等局部用药和抗生素治疗。由于局部用药引起的ACD相对容易漏诊，对于任何疑似由新霉素引起致敏的患者，全面的用药史和斑贴试验至关重要。
